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CENOMANI

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Originally appearing in Volume V05, Page 661 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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CENOMANI , a See also:

branch of the Aulerci in Gallia Celtica, whose territory corresponded generally to See also:Maine in the See also:modern See also:department of See also:Sarthe. Their See also:chief See also:town was Vindinum or Suindinum (corrupted into Subdinnum), afterwards Civitas Cenomanorum (whence Le Mans), the See also:original name of the town, as usual in the See also:case of Gallic cities, being replaced by that of the See also:people. According to See also:Caesar (See also:Bell. See also:Gall. vii. 75. 3), they assisted Vercingetorix in the See also:great rising (52 B.C.) with a force of 5000 men. Under See also:Augustus they formed a deltas stipendiaria of Gallia Lugdunensis, and in the 4th See also:century See also:part of Gallia Lugdunensis iii. About 400 B.C., under the leadership of Elitovius (See also:Livy v. 35), a large number of the Cenomani crossed into See also:Italy, drove the Etruscans southwards, and occupied their territory. The statement of See also:Cato (in See also:Pliny, Nat. Hist. 130), that some of them settled near Massilia in the territory of the See also:Volcae, may indicate the route taken by them.

The limits of their territory are not clearly defined, but were probably the Athesis (See also:

Adige or Etsch) on the See also:east, the 011ius (Oglio, or perhaps the Addua) on the See also:west, and the Padus on the See also:south. Livy gives their chief towns as Brixia (See also:Brescia) and See also:Verona; Pliny, Brixia and See also:Cremona. The Cenomani nearly always appear in See also:history as loyal See also:friends and See also:allies of the See also:Romans, whom they assisted in the Gallic See also:war (225 B.c.), when the See also:Boii and See also:Insubres took up arms against See also:Rome, and during the war against See also:Hannibal. They certainly joined in the revolt of the Gauls under Hamilcar (200), but after they had been defeated by the See also:consul Gains See also:Cornelius (197) they finally submitted. In 49, with the See also:rest of_Gallia Transpadana, they acquired the rights of citizenship. The See also:orthography and the quantity of the penultimate vowel of Cenomani have given rise to discussion. According to See also:Arbois de Jubainville, the Cenomani of Italy are not identical with the Cenomani (or Cenomanni) of See also:Gaul. In the case of the latter, the survival of the syllable " See also:man " in Le Mans is due to the stress laid on the vowel; had the vowel been See also:short and unaccented, it would have disappeared. In Italy, Cenomani is the name of a people; in Gaul, merely a surname of the Aulerci. See A. Voisin, See also:Les Cenomans anciens et modernes (Le Mans, 1862) ; A. Desjardins, Geographie historique de la Gaule romaine, ii.

(1876-1893); Arbois de Jubainville, Les Premiers Habitants de l'See also:

Europe (1889-1894); See also:article and authorities in La Grande Encyclopedie; C. Hi lsen in Pauly-Wissowa's Realencyclopadie, iii. pt. 2 (1899) ; full See also:ancient authorities in A. Holder, Alt-celtischer Sprachschatz, i. (1896).

End of Article: CENOMANI

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