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GRAVELINES (Flem. Gravelinghe)

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Originally appearing in Volume V12, Page 383 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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GRAVELINES (Flem. Gravelinghe) , a fortified seaport See also:town of See also:northern See also:France, in the See also:department of See also:Nord and See also:arrondissement of See also:Dunkirk, 15 m. S.W. of Dunkirk on the railway to See also:Calais. Pop. (1906) town, 1858; See also:commune, 6284. Gravelines is situated on the Aa, ri m. from its mouth in the See also:North See also:Sea. It is surrounded by a See also:double See also:circuit of ramparts and by a tidal See also:moat. The See also:river is canalized and opens out beneath the fortifications into a floating See also:basin. The situation of the See also:port is one of the best in France on the North Sea, though its See also:trade has suffered owing to the nearness of Calais and Dunkirk and the silting up of the channel to the sea. It is a centre for the See also:cod and See also:herring See also:fisheries. Imports consist chiefly of See also:timber from Northern See also:Europe and See also:coal from See also:England, to which eggs and See also:fruit are exported. Gravelines has See also:paper-manufactories, See also:sugar-See also:works, See also:fish-curing works, See also:salt-refineries, See also:chicory-roasting factories, a cannery for preserved peas and other vegetables and an important timber-yard.

The See also:

harbour is accessible to vessels See also:drawing 18 ft. at high tides. The greater See also:part of the See also:population of the commune of Gravelines dwells in the maritime See also:quarter of See also:Petit-Fort-Philippe at the mouth of the Aa, and in the See also:village of See also:Les Huttes (to the See also:east of the town), which is inhabited by the See also:fisher-folk. The canalization of the Aa by a See also:count of See also:Flanders about the See also:middle of the 12th See also:century led to the See also:foundation of Gravelines (See also:grave-linghe, meaning " count's See also:canal."). In 1558 it was the See also:scene of the See also:signal victory of the Spaniards under the count of See also:Egmont over the See also:French.

End of Article: GRAVELINES (Flem. Gravelinghe)

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