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JAPANNING , the See also:art of coating surfaces of See also:- METAL
- METAL (through Fr. from Lat. metallum, mine, quarry, adapted from Gr. µATaXAov, in the same sense, probably connected with ,ueraAAdv, to search after, explore, µeTa, after, aAAos, other)
metal, See also:wood, &c., with a variety of varnishes, which are dried and hardened on in stoves or hot See also:chambers. These drying processes constitute the See also:main distinguishing features of the art. The See also:trade owes its name to the fact that it is an See also:imitation of the famous lacquering of See also:Japan (see JAPAN: Art), which, however, is prepared with entirely different materials and processes, and is in all respects much more brilliant, durable and beautiful than any See also:ordinary japan See also:work. Japanning is done in clear transparent varnishes, in See also:black and in See also:body See also:colours; but black japan is the most characteristic and See also:common See also:style of work. The See also:varnish for black japan consists essentially of pure natural asphaltum with a See also:pro-portion of See also:- GUM (Fr. gomme, Lat. gommi, Gr. Kµµ1, possibly a Coptic word; distinguish " gum," the fleshy covering of the base of a tooth, in O. Eng. gbma, palate, cf. Ger. Gaumen, roof of the mouth; the ultimate origin is probably the root gha, to open wide, seen in
gum See also:anime dissolved in See also:linseed oil and thinned with See also:turpentine. In thin layers such a japan has a See also:rich dark See also:- BROWN
- BROWN, CHARLES BROCKDEN (1771-181o)
- BROWN, FORD MADOX (1821-1893)
- BROWN, FRANCIS (1849- )
- BROWN, GEORGE (1818-188o)
- BROWN, HENRY KIRKE (1814-1886)
- BROWN, JACOB (1775–1828)
- BROWN, JOHN (1715–1766)
- BROWN, JOHN (1722-1787)
- BROWN, JOHN (1735–1788)
- BROWN, JOHN (1784–1858)
- BROWN, JOHN (1800-1859)
- BROWN, JOHN (1810—1882)
- BROWN, JOHN GEORGE (1831— )
- BROWN, ROBERT (1773-1858)
- BROWN, SAMUEL MORISON (1817—1856)
- BROWN, SIR GEORGE (1790-1865)
- BROWN, SIR JOHN (1816-1896)
- BROWN, SIR WILLIAM, BART
- BROWN, THOMAS (1663-1704)
- BROWN, THOMAS (1778-1820)
- BROWN, THOMAS EDWARD (1830-1897)
- BROWN, WILLIAM LAURENCE (1755–1830)
brown See also:colour; it only shows a brilliant black in thicker coatings. For See also:fine work, which has to be smoothed and polished, several coats of black are applied in See also:succession, each being separately dried in the See also:stove at a See also:heat which may rise to about 300° F. Body colours consist of a basis of transparent varnish mixed with the See also:special See also:mineral paints of the desired colours or with See also:bronze powders. The transparent varnish used by japanners is a See also:copal varnish which contains less drying oil and more turpentine than is contained in ordinary painters' oil varnish. Japanning produces a brilliant polished See also:surface which is much more durable and less easily affected by heat, moisture or other influences than any ordinary painted and varnished work. It may be regarded as a See also:process intermediate between ordinary See also:painting and enamelling. It is very extensively applied in the See also:finishing of ordinary ironmongery goods and domestic See also:iron-work, See also:deed boxes, See also:clock dials and See also:papier-mache articles. The process is also applied to blocks of See also:slate for making imitation of black and other See also:marbles forchimneypieces, &c., and in a modified See also:form is employed for preparing enamelled, japan or patent See also:leather.
End of Article: JAPANNING
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