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KAVADH (KABADES, KAUADES)

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Originally appearing in Volume V15, Page 701 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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KAVADH (KABADES, KAUADES) , a See also:Persian name which occurs first in the mythical See also:history of the old Iranian See also:kingdom as Kai Kobadh (Kaikobad). It was See also:borne by two See also:kings of the See also:Sassanid See also:dynasty. (I) KAVADH I., son of See also:Peroz, crowned by the nobles in 488 in See also:place of his See also:uncle See also:Balash, who was deposed and blinded. At this See also:time the See also:empire was utterly disorganized by the invasion of the See also:Ephthalites or See also:White See also:Huns from the See also:east. After one of their victories against Peroz, Kavadh had been a See also:hostage among them during two years, pending the See also:payment ,of a heavy See also:ransom. In 484 Peroz had been defeated and slain with his whole See also:army. Balash was not able to restore the royal authority. The hopes of the magnates and high priests that Kavadh would suit their purpose were soon disappointed. Kavadh gave his support to the communistic See also:sect founded by Mazdak, son of Bamdad, who demanded that the See also:rich should See also:divide their wives and their See also:wealth with the poor. His intention evidently was, by adopting the See also:doctrine of the Mazdakites, to break the See also:influence of the magnates. But in 496 he was deposed and incarcerated in the " See also:Castle of Oblivion (Lethe) " in Susiana, and his See also:brother Jamasp (Zamaspes) was raised to the See also:throne.. Kavadh, however, escaped and found See also:refuge with the Ephthalites, -whose See also:king gave him his daughter in See also:marriage and aided him to return to See also:Persia.

In 499 he became king again and punished his opponents. He had to pay a See also:

tribute to the Ephthalites and applied, for subsidies to See also:Rome, which had before supported the Persians. But now the See also:emperor See also:Anastasius refused subsidies, expecting that the two See also:rival See also:powers of the East would exhaust one another in See also:war. At the same time he intervened in the affairs of the Persian See also:part of See also:Armenia. So Kavadh joined the Ephthalites and began war against the See also:Romans. In 502 he took Theodosiopolis in Armenia, in 503 Amida (Diarbekr) on the See also:Tigris. In 505 an invasion of Armenia by the western Huns from the See also:Caucasus led to an See also:armistice, during which the Romans paid subsidies to the Persians for the See also:maintenance of the fortifications on the Caucasus. When See also:Justin I. (518–527) came to the throne the conflict began. anew. The Persian See also:vassal, Mondhir of See also:Hira, laid See also:waste See also:Mesopotamia and slaughtered the monks and nuns. In S31 See also:Belisarius was beaten at Callinicum. Shortly afterwards Kavadh died, at the See also:age of eighty-two, in See also:September 531.

During his last years his favourite son See also:

Chosroes had had See also:great influence over him and had been proclaimed successor. He also induced Kavadh to break with the Mazdakites, whose doctrine had spread widely and caused great social confusion throughout Persia. In 529 they were refuted in a theological discussion held before the throne of the king by the orthodox Magians, and were slaughtered and persecuted everywhere; Mazdak himself was hanged. Kavadh evidently was, as See also:Procopius (Pers. i. 6) calls him, an unusually clear-sighted and energetic ruler. Although he could not See also:free himself from the yoke of the Ephthalites, he succeeded in restoring See also:order in the interior and fought with success against the Romans, He built some towns which were named after him, and began to regulate the See also:taxation. (2) KAVADH II. SHEROE (Siroes), son of Chosroes II., was raised to the throne in opposition to his See also:father in See also:February 628, after the great victories of the emperor See also:Heraclius. He put his father and eighteen See also:brothers to See also:death, began negotiations with Heratlius, but died after a reign of a few months. (ED.

End of Article: KAVADH (KABADES, KAUADES)

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