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MONTELEONE CALABRO

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Originally appearing in Volume V18, Page 766 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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MONTELEONE CALABRO , a See also:

city of See also:Calabria, See also:Italy, in the See also:province of See also:Catanzaro, beautifully situated on an See also:eminence gently sloping towards the Gulf of Sta Eufemia, 1575ft. above See also:sea-level, 70 M. N.N.E. of Reggio di Calabria by See also:rail. Pop. (1901), Io,o66 (See also:town); 13,481 (See also:commune). It was almost totally destroyed by See also:earthquake in 1783, but under the See also:French occupation it was rebuilt and made the See also:capital of a province. It suffered, however, considerably in the earthquake of 1905. The See also:castle was built by See also:Frederick II. The See also:principal See also:church contains some sculptures by the Gagini of See also:Palermo. Monteleone is identical with the See also:ancient Hipponium, said to be a Locrian See also:colony and first mentioned in 388 B.e., when its inhabitants were removed to See also:Syracuse by See also:Dionysius. Restored by the Carthaginians (379), occupied by the See also:Bruttii (356), held for a See also:time by See also:Agathocles of Syracuse (294), and afterwards again occupied by the Bruttii, Hipponium ultimately became as Vibo See also:Valentia a flourishing See also:Roman colony, founded in 239 or 192 B.C. It was important as the point where a See also:branch from Scolacium (Squillace) on the See also:east See also:coast road joined the Via Popillia. The See also:harbour established by Agathocles proved of See also:great service as a See also:naval station to See also:Caesar and Octavian in their See also:wars with Pompeius See also:Magnus and Sextus Pompeius, and remains of its massive See also:masonry still exist at the See also:village of Bivona on the coast, while the fort occupies the site of a See also:temple.

Its See also:

tunny-See also:fish were famous. In the town itself there are remains of a See also:theatre, of Roman See also:baths (?), a See also:mosaic See also:pavement in the church of St Leoluca (See also:patron See also:saint of Monteleone), and some Latin See also:inscriptions. The town walls too of the See also:Greek city can be traced for their whole extent, about 4 M. They are well constructed of See also:regular parallelograms of a sandy tufa, laid in headers and stretchers. The Roman town occupied only a See also:part of the Greek site, the portion occupied by the See also:modern town, the streets of which still preserve the Roman arrangement. It was supplied with See also:water by an See also:aqueduct, the See also:reservoir of which is situated at the village of Papaglionti. The Capialbi and Cordopatri families have private collections of antiquities. See V. Capialbi in Mem. Inst. (See also:Rome, 1832), pp. 159 sqq.; F.

See also:

Lenormant, La Grande-Grece (See also:Paris, 1882), iii. 155 sqq. (T.

End of Article: MONTELEONE CALABRO

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