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NUR VOMICA , a poisonous See also:drug, consisting of the See also:seed of Sirychnos Nux-Vomica, a See also:- TREE (0. Eng. treo, treow, cf. Dan. tree, Swed. Odd, tree, trd, timber; allied forms are found in Russ. drevo, Gr. opus, oak, and 36pv, spear, Welsh derw, Irish darog, oak, and Skr. dare, wood)
- TREE, SIR HERBERT BEERBOHM (1853- )
tree belonging to the natural See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order Loganiaceae, indigenous to most parts of See also:India, and found also in See also:Burma, See also:Siam, See also:Cochin See also:China and See also:northern See also:Australia. The tree is of moderate See also:size, with a See also:short, thick, often crooked, See also:stem, and ovate entire leaves, marked with three to five See also:veins radiating from the See also:base of the See also:leaf. The See also:flowers are small, greenish-See also:- WHITE
- WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832– )
- WHITE, GILBERT (1720–1793)
- WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
- WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
- WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
- WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
- WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
- WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835– )
- WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
- WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
- WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845– )
- WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
- WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)
white and tubular, and are arranged in terminal corymbs. The See also:fruit is of the size of a small See also:orange, and has a thin hard See also:- SHELL
- SHELL (O. Eng. scell, scyll, cf. Du. sceel, shell, Goth. skalja, tile; the word means originally a thin flake,. cf. Swed. skalja, to peel off; it is allied to " scale " and " skill," from a root meaning to cleave, divide, separate)
shell, enclosing a See also:bitter, gelatinous white pulp, in which from i to 5 seeds are vertically embedded. The seed is disk-shaped, rather less than 1 in. in See also:diameter, and about f in. in thickness, slightly depressed towards the centre, and in some varieties furnished with an acute See also:keel-like See also:ridge at the margin. The See also:external See also:surface of the seed is of a greyish-See also:green See also:colour and satiny See also:appearance, due to a coating of appressed silky hairs. The interior of the seed consists chiefly of horny albumen, which is easily divided along its See also:outer edge into halves by a fissure, in which lies the embryo. The latter is about in. See also:long, and has a pair of See also:heart-shaped membranous cotyledons.
The See also:chief constituents of the seeds are the alkaloids See also:strychnine (q.v.) and See also:brucine, the former averaging about o•4%, and the latter about See also:half this amount. The seeds also contain an See also:acid, strychnic or igasuric acid; a See also:glucoside, loganin; See also:sugar and See also:fat. The dose of the seeds is s to 4 grains. The See also:British See also:Pharmacopoeia contains three preparations of nux vomica. The liquid See also:extract is standardized to contain 1.5% of strychnine; the extract is standardized to contain 5%; and the See also:tincture, which is the most widely used, is standardized to contain o•25%.
The See also:pharmacology of nux vomica is practically that of strychnine. The tincture is chiefly used in cases of atonic See also:dyspepsia, and is See also:superior to all other bitter tonics, in that it is antiseptic and has a more powerful See also:action upon the movements of the gastric See also:wall. The extract is of See also:great value in the treatment of See also:simple See also:constipation.
End of Article: NUR VOMICA
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