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PHILOXENUS (Syriac, Aksenaya)

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Originally appearing in Volume V21, Page 445 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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PHILOXENUS (See also:Syriac, Aksenaya) , of Mabbog, one of the best of Syriac See also:prose writers, and a vehement See also:champion of Monophysite See also:doctrine in the end of the 5th and beginning of the 6th centuries. He was See also:born, probably in the third See also:quarter of the 5th See also:century, at Talial, a See also:village in the See also:district of Beth Garmai See also:east of the See also:Tigris. He was thus by See also:birth a subject of See also:Persia, but all his active See also:life of which we have any See also:record was passed in the territory of the See also:Greek See also:Empire. The statements that he had been a slave and was never baptized appear to be malicious inventions of his theological opponents. He was educated at See also:Edessa, perhaps in the famous " school of the Persians," which was after-wards (in 489) expelled from Edessa2 on See also:account of its connexion with the Nestorian See also:heresy. The years which followed the See also:Council of See also:Chalcedon (451) were a stormy See also:period in the Syrian See also:Church. Philoxenus soon attracted See also:notice by his strenuous advocacy of Monophysite doctrine, and on the See also:expulsion of Calandio (the orthodox See also:patriarch of See also:Antioch) in 485 was ordained See also:bishop of Mabbog3 by his Monophysite successor See also:Peter the See also:Fuller (Barhebraeus, Chron. eccl. 183). It was probably during the earlier years of his episcopate that Philoxenus composed his thirteen homilies on the See also:Christian life. Later he devoted himself to the revision of the Syriac version of the See also:Bible, and with the help of his chorepiscopus See also:Polycarp produced in 508 the so-called Philoxenian version, which was in some sense the received Bible of the See also:Monophysites during the 6th century. Meantime he continued his ecclesiastical activity, working as a See also:bitter opponent of 2 According to Barhebraeus (Chron. eccl. ii. 55) through the efforts of Philoxenus himself.

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Hierapolis of the Greeks, Manbij of the See also:Arabs, a few See also:miles See also:west I of the See also:Euphrates about See also:latitude 361°. may be specially mentioned. Writers on the See also:history of See also:philosophy generally prefix to their See also:work a discussion of the See also:scope of philosophy, Its divisions and its relations to other departments of knowledge, and the account given by Windelband and See also:Ueberweg will be found specially See also:good. The Introductions to Philosophy published by F. See also:Paulsen, 0. Kiilpe, W. See also:Wundt and G. T. See also:Ladd, See also:deal largely with this subject, which is also treated by See also:Henry See also:Sidgwick in his Philosophy, its Scope and Relations (1902), by Ernest Naville, La See also:Definition de la philosophie (1894) and by Wundt in the introduction to his See also:System der Philosophie (1889). A useful work of See also:general reference is J. M. See also:Baldwin's See also:Dictionary of Philosophy and See also:Psychology (3 vols., 1902–1905).

(A. S.

End of Article: PHILOXENUS (Syriac, Aksenaya)

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