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RUCKERT, JOHANN MICHAEL FRIEDRICH (17...

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Originally appearing in Volume V23, Page 813 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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RUCKERT, JOHANN See also:MICHAEL See also:FRIEDRICH (1788-1866) , See also:German poet, was See also:born at See also:Schweinfurt on the 16th of May 1788, the eldest son of a lawyer. He was educated at the gymnasium of his native See also:place and at the See also:universities of Wiirzburg and See also:Heidelberg. For some See also:time (1816-17) he worked on the editorial See also:staff of the Morgenblatt at See also:Stuttgart. Nearly the whole of the See also:year 1818 he spent in See also:Rome, and afterwards he lived for several years at See also:Coburg. He was appointed a See also:professor of See also:Oriental See also:languages at the university of See also:Erlangen in 1826, and in 1841 he was called to a similar position in See also:Berlin, where he was also made a privy councillor. In 1849 he resigned his professorship at Berlin, and went to live on his See also:estate Neuses near Coburg. He died on the 31st of See also:January 1866. When Ruckert began his See also:literary career, See also:Germany was engaged in her See also:life-and-See also:death struggle with See also:Napoleon; and in his first See also:volume, Deutsche Gedichte, published in 1814 under the See also:pseudonym " Freimund Raimar," he gave, particularly in the powerful "Geharnischte Sonette," vigorous expression to the prevailing sentiment of his countrymen. In 1815-18 appeared Napoleon, eine politische Komodie in drei Stiicken (only two parts were published), and in 1817 Der Kranz der Zeit. He issued a collection of poems, Ostliche Rosen, in 1822; and in 1834-38 his Gesammelte Gedichte were published in six volumes, a selection from which has passed through many See also:editions. Ruckert, who was See also:master of See also:thirty languages, made his See also:mark chiefly as a translator of Oriental See also:poetry and as a writer of poems conceived in the spirit of Oriental masters. Much See also:attention was attracted by a See also:translation of Hariri's Makamen (1826), Nal and Damajanti, an See also:Indian See also:tale (1828), Rostem and Suhrab, eine Heldengeschichte (1838), and Hamasa, See also:oder See also:die dltesten erabischen Volkslieder (1846).

Among his See also:

original writings dealing with Oriental subjects are Morgenlandische Sagen and Geschichten (1837), Erbauliches and Beschauliches aus dem Morgenland (1836-38), and Brahmanische Erzdhlungen (1839). The most elaborate of his See also:works is Die Weisheit See also:des Brahmanen, published in six volumes in 1836-39. This last and the Liebesfruhling (1844), a See also:cycle of love-songs, are the best known of all Riickert,'s productions. In 1843-45 he issued the dramas See also:Saul and Davit (1843). Herodes der See also:Grosse (1844), Kaiser Heinrich IV. (1845) and Christofero See also:Colombo (1845), all of which are greatly inferior to the See also:work to which he owes his place in German literature. At the time of the Danish See also:war in 1864 he wrote Ein Dutzend Kampflieder See also:fur See also:Schleswig-See also:Holstein, which,. although published anonymously, produced a considerable impression. After his death many poetical See also:translations and original poems were found among his papers, and several collections of them were published. Ruckert had a splendour of See also:imagination which made Oriental poetry congenial to him, and he has seldom been surpassed in rhythmic skill and metrical ingenuity. There are hardly any lyrical forms which are not represented among his works, and in all of them he wrote with equal ease and See also:grace. A See also:complete edition of Ruckert's poetical works appeared in 12 vols. in 1868—69. Subsequent editions have been edited by L.

Laistner (1896), C. Beyer (1896), G. Ellinger (1897). See B. See also:

Fortlage, F. Ruckert and See also:seine Werke (1867) ; C. Beyer, Friedrich Ruckert, ein biographisches Den/anal (1868), Neue Mitteilungen fiber Ruckert (1873), and Nachgelassene Gedichte Riickerts and neue Beitrage zu dessen Leben and Schriften (1877); R. Boxberger, Ruckert-Studien (1878); P. de See also:Lagarde, Erinnerungen an F. Ruckert (1886); F. Muncker, Friedrich Ruckert (189o); G. Voigt, Riickerts Gedankenlyrik (1891).

End of Article: RUCKERT, JOHANN MICHAEL FRIEDRICH (1788-1866)

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