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priest, he was arrested in 1839 and imprisoned at Naples; although liberated three years later he lost his professorship and had to maintain himself by private lessons. Nevertheless he continued to conspire, and in 1847 he published anonymously a " Protest of the See also:

PEOPLE

People of the Two Sicilies," a scathing See also:

INDICTMENT (from Anglo-Fr. enditernent, enditer, to charge; Lat. in, against, dictare, declare)

indictment of the Bourbon government. On the See also:

ADVICE (Fr. avis, from Lat. ad, to, and visum, viewed)

advice of See also:

friends he went to See also:

Malta on a See also:

BRITISH

British warship, but although, when See also:

King See also:

Ferdinand II. granted a constitution (16th of See also:

FEBRUARY

February 1848), he returned to Naples and was given an See also:

APPOINTMENT, POWER OF

appointment at the See also:

MINISTRY

ministry of See also:

EDUCATION

education, he soon resigned on See also:

account of the prevailing See also:

CHAOS

chaos, and retired to a See also:

FARM

farm at Posilipo. When reaction set in, once more Settembrini was arrested as a suspect ( See also:

JUNE

June 1849) and imprisoned. After a monstrously unfair trial, he and two other " politicals were condemned to See also:

DEATH

death, and nineteen others to varying terms of imprisonment (February 1851). The death sentences were, however, commuted to imprisonment for See also:

LIFE

life, and Settembrini was sent to the dungeons of See also:

San Stefano. There he remained for eight years. His friends, including See also:

Antonio Pauizzi, then in See also:

England, made various unsuccessful attempts to liberate him, and at last he was deported with sixty-five other See also:

POLITICAL

political prisoners. The exiles received an enthusiastic welcome in See also:

LONDON

London, but Settembrini after a See also:

SHORT, FRANCIS JOB (1857– )

short stay in England joined his See also:

FAMILY

family at See also:

Florence in 186o.

On the formation of the Italian See also:

KINGDOM

kingdom he was appointed professor of Italian literature at the university of Naples, and devoted the See also:

REST (O. Eng. rest, reste, bed, cognate with other Teutonic forms, e.g. Ger. Rast, Riiste, rest, and probably Gothic Rasta, league, i.e. resting or stopping place)

rest of his life to See also:

LITERARY

literary pursuits. In 1875 he was nominated senator. He died in 1877. His See also:

CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief See also:

WORK

work is his Lezioni di letteratura italiana, of which the dominant See also:

note is the conviction that Italian literature " is as the very soul of the nation, seeking, in opposition to See also:

MEDIEVAL

medieval See also:

MYSTICISM (from Or. µuety, to shut the eyes; µuorrts, one initiated into the mysteries)

mysticism, reality, freedom, See also:

independence of See also:

REASON (Lat. ratio, through French raison)

reason, truth and beauty " (P. See also:

VILLARI, PASQUALE (1827- )

Villari). See L. Settembrini, Ricordanze, 2 vols., edited by F. de See also:

SANCTIS, FRANCESCO DE (1817-1883)

Sanctis (Naples, 1879–188o) ; Epistolario di Luigi Settembrini, edited by F. Fiorentino; P. Villari, Saggi critici (Florence, 1884); Countess Martinengo Cesaresco, Italian Characters (London, 1901).

End of Article: SETTEMBRINI, LUIGI (1813–1877)

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