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SHEARWATER

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Originally appearing in Volume V24, Page 815 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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SHEARWATER , the name of a See also:

bird, first published in F. See also:Willughby's Ornithologia (p. 252), as made known to him by See also:Sir T.,See also:Browne, who sent a picture of it with an See also:account that is given more fully in J. See also:Ray's See also:translation of that See also:work (p. 334), stating that it is " a See also:Sea-See also:fowl, which fishermen observe to resort to their vessels in some See also:numbers, See also:swimming 1 swiftly to and fro, backward, forward and about them, and doth as it were radere aquam, shear the See also:water, from whence perhaps it had its name." 2 Ray's mistaking See also:young birds of this See also:kind obtained in the Isle of See also:Man for the young of the coulterneb, now usually called " See also:Puffin," has already been mentioned under that heading; and not only has his name Puffinus anglorum hence become attached to this See also:species, commonly described in See also:English books as the See also:Manx puffin or Manx shearwater; but the barbarous word Puffinus has come into use for all birds thereto allied, forming a well-marked See also:group of the See also:family Procellariidae (see See also:PETREL), distinguished chiefly by their elongated See also:bill, and numbering some twenty species, if not more—the discrimination of which has taxed the ingenuity of ornithologists. Shear-See also:waters are found in nearly all the seas and oceans of the See also:world,' generally within no See also:great distance from the See also:land, though rarely resorting thereto, except in the breeding See also:season. But they also penetrate to waters which may be termed inland, as the See also:Bosporus, where they are known to the See also:French-speaking See also:part of the See also:population as dmes damnees, it being held by the See also:Turks that they are animated by condemned human souls. Four species of Puffinus are recorded as visiting the coasts of the See also:United See also:Kingdom; but the Manx shearwater is the only one that at all commonly breeds in the See also:British Islands. It is a very See also:plain-looking bird, See also:black above and See also:white beneath, and about the See also:size of a See also:pigeon. Some other species are larger, and almost whole coloured, being of a sooty or dark cinereous See also:hue both above and below. All over the world shearwaters seem to have precisely the same habits, laying their single purely white See also:egg in a hole under ground. The young are thickly clothed with See also:long down, and are extremely See also:fat.

In this See also:

condition they are thought to be See also:good eating, and enormous numbers are caught for this purpose in some localities, especially of a species, the P. brevicaudus of See also:Gould, which frequents the islands off the See also:coast of See also:Australia, where it is commonly known as the " Mutton-bird." (A.

End of Article: SHEARWATER

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