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SHRUB

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Originally appearing in Volume V24, Page 1023 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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SHRUB . (i) A bushy plant whose See also:

stem is woody and branches out thickly from the ground, not attaining sufficient height to be called a See also:tree; this smallness of See also:vertical growth is natural or is effected by cutting and lopping at an See also:early See also:stage or at stated seasons. The See also:term is loose in application and the See also:line between shrubs, trees and certain woody herbaceous See also:plants is not easy to draw. The See also:holly, the See also:yew, the See also:laurel, if allowed to grow from a single stem, become trees, other plants such as See also:rhododendron, syringa, the euonymous are properly shrubs. The word is the same as "scrub," See also:low, stunted undergrowth, in O. Eng. scrob; the See also:root, which is also seen in "See also:shrimp" and " shrivel," means to See also:contract. Many See also:English See also:place-names contain the word, the most See also:familiar being See also:Shrewsbury (Scrobbesbyrig) and See also:Wormwood Scrubs. (2) The name of a drink or cordial, now rarely found except in See also:country districts. It is made of See also:currant juice boiled with See also:water and See also:sugar to which some spirit, usually See also:rum, is added. Another See also:form of the drink is made of rum, See also:orange and See also:lemon juice, See also:peel, sugar and water. The word is an See also:adaptation of the Arabic sharb or sharab, beverage, drink, shariba, he drank, and is thus directly related to " See also:sherbet " and " See also:syrup " (q.v.). SHUFFLE-See also:BOARD, or See also:SHOVEL-BOARD (originally "shove-board "), a See also:game in which See also:wood or See also:metal disks are " shoved " by the See also:hand or with an See also:implement so that they shall come to a stop on or within certain lines or compartments marked on the " board "—a table or a See also:floor.

It was formerly very popular in See also:

England, especially with the See also:aristocracy, under the names shove-See also:groat, slide-groat and shovel-See also:penny, being mentioned as early as the 15th See also:century. It was a favourite pastime at the See also:great country houses, some of the boards having been of exquisite workmanship. That at Chartley See also:Hall in See also:Staffordshire was over 30 ft. See also:long and was made up of 26o pieces. Shuffle-board enjoys considerable See also:vogue in the See also:United States, the board being from 28 to 30 ft. long and from 18 to 20 in. wide, of See also:pine, See also:poplar or See also:white wood, with a See also:gutter 41 in. wide extending entirely See also:round the board. The See also:surface is slightly sanded and sometimes oiled. About 5 in. from each end of the board is See also:drawn a line called the See also:deuce line. Each See also:side, whether composed of two or four persons, used four disks of polished See also:brass or See also:iron, generally about 2 in. in See also:diameter and in. thick. When two persons See also:play they shove first from one end of the board and then from the other; but when four play one of each side remains permanently at each end. The disks, four of which are marked A and four B, are shoved alternately by each side. A disk resting between the deuce line and.the end of the board is in and scores two. One protruding over the end sufficiently to be lifted by the See also:finger is called a See also:ship and See also:counts three. A disk resting on the board but not See also:crossing the line counts one.

In scoring only the best of the eight disks counts, unless one side has two that are better than any of their opponents', in which See also:

case both See also:count. The side first scoring 21 points wins. A variety of shuffle-board is very popular as a See also:deck game onboard steamers and yachts. It is played by pushing wooden disks by means of crutch-shaped cues, or shovels, into which the disks See also:fit, so that they come to a stop within the lines of a large rectangle drawn with See also:chalk on the deck and divided into squares numbered from 1 to ro with an extra square nearest the player, numbered The game is usually 21 points.

End of Article: SHRUB

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