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See also:VIDYASAGAR, ISWAR CHANDRA (1820-1891) , writer and social reformer of See also:Bengal, was See also:born at Birsinha in the Midnapur See also:district in 182o, of a Kulin See also:Brahman See also:family. He was removed to See also:Calcutta at the See also:age of nine, was admitted into the See also:Sanskrit See also:College, and carried on his studies in the midst of privations and extreme poverty. In 1839 he obtained the See also:title of Vidyasagar (=" Ocean of learning ") after passing a brilliant examination, and in 185o was appointed See also:head pandit of Fort See also:- WILLIAM
- WILLIAM (1143-1214)
- WILLIAM (1227-1256)
- WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
- WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
- WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
- WILLIAM, 13TH
William College. In 1846 appeared his first See also:work in See also:Bengali See also:prose, The Twenty-Five Tales of a Fetal. This was succeeded by his Sakuntala in 1855, and by his greatest work, The See also:- EXILE (Lat. exsilium or exilium, from exsul or exul, which is derived from ex, out of, and the root sal, to go, seen in salire, to leap, consul, &c.; the connexion with solum, soil, country is now generally considered wrong)
Exile of Sita, in 1862. These are marked by a See also:- GRACE (Fr. grace, Lat. gratia, from grates, beloved, pleasing; formed from the root cra-, Gr. xav-, cf. xaipw, x6p,ua, Xapts)
- GRACE, WILLIAM GILBERT (1848– )
grace and beauty which Bengali prose had never known before. The literature of Bengal, previous to the 19th See also:century, was entirely in See also:verse. See also:Ram Mohan See also:Roy, the religious reformer of Bengal, created the See also:literary prose of Bengal See also:early in the 19th century by his numerous See also:translations and religious tracts; and Iswar Chandra Vidyasagar and his See also:fellow-worker, Akhay Kumar Datta, added to its See also:power and beauty about the See also:middle of that century. These three writers are generally re-cognized as the fathers of Bengali prose literature. As a social reformer and educationist, too, Iswar Chandra made his See also:mark. He associated himself with Drinkwater See also:Bethune in the cause of See also:female See also:education; and the management of the girls' school, called after Bethune, was entrusted to him in 1851. And when Rosomoy Datta resigned the See also:post of secretary to the Sanskrit College of Calcutta, a new post of See also:principal was created, and Iswar Chandra was appointed to it. Iswar Chandra's See also:influence in the education See also:department was now unbounded. He simplified the method of learning Sanskrit, and thus spread a know-ledge of that See also:ancient See also:tongue among his countrymen. He was consulted in all educational matters by See also:Sir See also:Frederick See also:Halliday, the first See also:lieutenant-See also:governor of Bengal. And when the See also:great See also:- SCHEME (Lat. schema, Gr. oxfjya, figure, form, from the root axe, seen in exeiv, to have, hold, to be of such shape, form, &c.)
scheme of education under Sir See also:Charles See also:Wood's despatch of 1854 was inaugurated in See also:India, Iswar Chandra established numerous aided See also:schools under that scheme in the most advanced districts of Bengal. In 1858 he resigned his See also:appointment under See also:government, and shortly afterwards became manager of the See also:Metropolitan Institution, a private college at Calcutta. But a greater task than literary work or educational reforms claimed his See also:attention. He had discovered that the ancient See also:Hindu scriptures did not enjoin perpetual widowhood, and in 1855 he startled the Hindu See also:world by his work on the Remarriage of Hindu Widows. Such a work, from a learned and presumably orthodox Brahman, caused the greatest excitement, but Iswar Chandra remained unmoved amidst a See also:storm of indignation. Associating himself with the most influential men of the See also:day, like Prosonno Kumar Tagore and Ram Gopal Ghosh, he appealed -to the See also:British government to declare that the sons of remarried Hindu widows should be considered legitimate heirs. The British government responded; the See also:act was passed in 1856, and some years after Iswar Chandra's own son was married to a widow. In the last years of his See also:life Iswar Chandra wrote See also:works against Hindu See also:polygamy. He was as well known for his charity and wide philanthropy as for his educational and social reforms. His large income, derived from the See also:sale of school-books, was devoted almost entirely to the succour of the needy; hundreds of See also:young men owed their education to him; hundreds of widows depended on him for their daily See also:bread. The See also:Indian government made him a See also:Companion of the Indian See also:Empire in 1880. He died on the 29th of See also:July 1891. (R. C.
End of Article: VIDYASAGAR, ISWAR CHANDRA (1820-1891)
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