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See also:ALEXANDER IV . (Rinaldo), See also:pope from 1254 to 1261, was, like See also:Innocent III. and See also:- GREGORY
- GREGORY (Gregorius)
- GREGORY (Grigorii) GRIGORIEVICH ORLOV, COUNT (1734-1783)
- GREGORY, EDWARD JOHN (1850-19o9)
- GREGORY, OLINTHUS GILBERT (1774—1841)
- GREGORY, ST (c. 213-C. 270)
- GREGORY, ST, OF NAZIANZUS (329–389)
- GREGORY, ST, OF NYSSA (c.331—c. 396)
- GREGORY, ST, OF TOURS (538-594)
Gregory IX., a member of the See also:family of the
See also:counts of Segni. His See also:uncle Gregory IX. made him See also:cardinal See also:deacon in 1227 and cardinal See also:bishop of See also:Ostia in 1231. On the See also:death of Innocent IV. he was elected pope at See also:Naples on the 12th of See also:December 1254. He is described as a stout See also:man, kindly, cheerful, but of no See also:great brilliancy. He succeeded Innocent IV. as See also:guardian of See also:Conradin, the last of the See also:Hohenstaufen, promising him his benevolent See also:protection; but in less than a fortnight he conspired against him and bitterly opposed Conradin's uncle See also:Manfred. Alexander fulminated with See also:excommunication and See also:interdict against the party of Manfred, but in vain; nor could he enlist the See also:kings of See also:England and See also:Norway in a crusade against the Hohenstaufen. See also:Rome itself became too Ghibelline for the pope, who withdrew to See also:Viterbo, where he died on the 25th of May 1261. His pontificate was signalized by efforts to unite the See also:Greek and Latin churches, by the See also:establishment of the See also:Inquisition in See also:France, by favours shown to the mendicant orders, and by an See also:attempt to organize a crusade against the See also:Tatars.
The registers of Alexander IV. are published by Bourel de la
Ronciere and others in the Bibliotheque See also:des Ecoles frangaises d'Athenes et de Rome, See also:Paris, 1895 if. (W. W.
End of Article: ALEXANDER IV
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