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coal trains from the mountains and westbound " empties " returning to the mines stop here; and the cars of these trains are classified here and new trains made up. Locomotives and cars are sent to Altoona to be repaired from all over the Pennsylvania railway See also:

SYSTEM

system E. of Pittsburg, and cars and locomotives are built here; and in the See also:

south Altoona foundries See also:

CAR (Late Lat. carra)

car wheels and See also:

general castings for locomotives and cars are made. The several departments of railway See also:

WORK

work are used to give training in a sort of railway university. Graduates of technical See also:

SCHOOLS

schools are received as See also:

SPECIAL

special apprentices and are directed in a course of four years through the erecting shops, See also:

VICE

vice See also:

SHOP

shop, blacksmith shop, See also:

BOILER

boiler shop, roundhouse, test See also:

DEPARTMENT (Fr. departement, from departir, to separate into parts)

department, See also:

machine shop, See also:

air-See also:

BRAKE

brake shop, See also:

IRON [symbol Fe, atomic weight 55.85 (0=16)]

iron foundry, car shop, work of firing on the road, See also:

OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office work in the See also:

MOTIVE (from Lat. movere, to move)

motive See also:

POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power accounting department, and See also:

DRAWING

drawing See also:

ROOM

room; the most competent may be admitted through the grades of inspector, in the office of the See also:

MASTER (Lat. magister, related to tnagis, more, as the corresponding minister is to minus, less; the English form is due partly to the O. Eng. maegister, and partly to O. Fr. maistre, mod. maitre; cf. Du. meester, Ger. Meister, Ital. maestro)

master mechanic or of the road foreman of engines, assistant master mechanic, assistant engineer of motive power, master mechanic and See also:

SUPERINTENDENT

superintendent of motive power.

The Pennsylvania railway, co-operating with the public school authorities, established at Altoona, in 1907, a railway high school, the first institution of the See also:

KIND (O. E. ge-cynde, from the same root as is seen in " kin," supra)

kind in the See also:

COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country. It has a well-equipped drawing room, See also:

carpenter shop, See also:

FORGING

forging room, foundry, See also:

SCIENCE (Lat. scientia, from scire; to learn, know)

science laboratories and machinery department, in which See also:

EXPERT (Lat. expertus, from experiri, to try)

expert instruction is given. In 1905 the city's factory products were valued at $14,349,963, and in this See also:

YEAR

year the railway shops gave employment to 83'7 % of all wage-earners employed in manufacturing establishments. The manufacture of See also:

SILK

silk is the only other important See also:

INDUSTRY (Lat. industria, from indu-, a form of the pre, position in, and either stare, to stand, or struere, to pile up)

industry in the city. The site of the city (formerly farming See also:

LAND

land) was See also:

PURCHASED

purchased in 1849 by the Pennsylvania Railroad See also:

COMPANY

Company and was laid out as a See also:

TOWN

town. It was incorporated as a See also:

borough in 1854 and was chartered as a city in 1868. See also:

ALTO (Ital. for " high ")

ALTO-RELIEVO (Ital. for " high See also:

RELIEF

relief "), the See also:

TERM

term applied to See also:

sculpture that projects from the See also:

PLANE

plane to which it is attached to the extent of more than one-See also:

HALF

half the outline of the See also:

PRINCIPAL

principal figures, which may be nearly or in parts entirely detached from the background. It is thus distinguished from basso-relieve (q.v.), in which there is a greater or less approximation in effect to the pictorial method, the figures being made to appear as projecting more than half their outline without actually doing so. At the same See also:

time it is not only the actual degree of relief which is implied by these two terms, but a resultant difference also of See also:

DESIGN (Fr. desiin, drawing; Lat. designare, to mark out)

design and treatment necessitated by the contingent See also:

DIFFERENCES, CALCULUS OF (Theory of Finite Differences)

differences of See also:

LIGHT

light and See also:

SHADOW (0. Eng. Schadewe, sceadu; a form of " shade "; connected with Gr. 6-Ore's, darkness)

shadow.

End of Article: ALTOONA

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