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ARAD
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ARAD , or 0-ARAD, a See also:town of See also:Hungary, See also:capital of the See also:county of the same name, 159 M. S.E. of See also:Budapest by See also:rail. Pop. (moo) 53,903. It is situated on the right See also:bank of the See also:river Maros, and consists of the inner town and five suburbs. Arad is a See also:modern-built town,and contains many handsome private and public buildings, including a See also:cathedral. It is the seat of a See also:Greek-Orthodox See also:bishop, and possesses a Greek-Orthodox theological See also:seminary, two training See also:schools for teachers—one Hungarian, and the other Rumanian—and a See also:conservatoire for See also:music. The town played an important See also:part in the Hungarian revolution of 1848-49, and possesses a museum containing See also:relics of this See also:war of See also:independence. One of the public squares contains a martyrs' See also:monument, erected in memory of the thirteen Hungarian generals shot here on the 6th of See also:October 1849, by See also:order of the See also:Austrian See also:general See also:Haynau. It consists of a See also:colossal figure of Hungary, with four allegorical See also:groups, and medallions of the executed generals. Arad is an important railway junction, and has become the largest See also:industrial and commercial centre of See also:south-eastern Hungary. Its See also:principal See also:industries are: distilling, milling, machinery-making, See also:leather-working and saw-milling. A large See also:trade is carried on in See also:grain, See also:flour, See also:alcohol, See also:cattle and See also:wood. Arad was a fortified See also:place, and was captured by the See also:Turks during the See also:wars of the 17th See also:century, and kept by them till the end of that century. The new fortress, built in 1763, although small, was formidable, and played a See also:great role during the Hungarian struggle for independence in 1849. Bravely defended by the Austrian general Berger until the 1st of See also:July 1849, it was then captured by the Hungarian rebels, who made it their headquarters during the latter part of the insurrection. It was from it that See also:Kossuth issued his famous See also:proclamation (11th See also:August 184q), and it was here that he handed over the supreme military and See also:civil See also:power to See also:Gorgei. The fortress was recaptured shortly after the surrender of Gorgei to the Russians at Vilagos. The fortress is now used as an See also:ammunition See also:depot. The town of Uj-Arad, i.e. New Arad (pop. 6124), situated on the opposite bank of the Maros, is practically a suburb of Arad, with which it is connected by a See also:bridge. The town was founded during the See also:Turkish wars of the 17th century. The See also:works erected by the Turks for the See also:capture of the fortress of Arad formed the See also:nucleus of the new town. Vilagos, the town where the famous See also:capitulation of Gorgei to the Russians took place on the 13th of August 1849, lies 21 M. by rail See also:north-See also:east of Arad. Additional information and CommentsThere are no comments yet for this article.
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