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AUGUSTINIANS , in the See also:Roman See also:Catholic See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
Church, a generic name for religious orders that follow the so-called " See also:Rule of St See also:Augustine." The See also:chief of these orders are: Augustinian Canons (q.v.), Augustinian Hermits (q.v.) or Friars, See also:Premonstratensians (q.v.), See also:Trinitarians (q.v.), Gilbertines (see See also:- GILBERT
- GILBERT (KINGSMILL) ISLANDS
- GILBERT (or GYLBERDE), WILLIAM (1544-1603)
- GILBERT, ALFRED (1854– )
- GILBERT, ANN (1821-1904)
- GILBERT, GROVE KARL (1843– )
- GILBERT, J
- GILBERT, JOHN (1810-1889)
- GILBERT, MARIE DOLORES ELIZA ROSANNA [" LOLA MONTEZ "] (1818-1861)
- GILBERT, NICOLAS JOSEPH LAURENT (1751–1780)
- GILBERT, SIR HUMPHREY (c. 1539-1583)
- GILBERT, SIR JOSEPH HENRY (1817-1901)
- GILBERT, SIR WILLIAM SCHWENK (1836– )
GILBERT OF SEMPRINGHAM, ST). The following orders, though not called Augustinians, also have St Augustine's Rule as the basis of their See also:life: See also:Dominicans, See also:Servites, Our See also:Lady of See also:Ransom, See also:Hieronymites, Assumptionists and many others; also orders of See also:women: Brigittines, See also:Ursulines, Visitation nuns and a vast number of congregations of women, spread over the Old and New Worlds, devoted to See also:education and charitable See also:works of all kinds.
See See also:Helyot, Ordres religieux (1992), vols. ii., iii., iv.; Max Heimbucher, Orden and Kongregationen, i., (1896), § 66-85; Wetzer and Welte, Kirchenlexicon, i., 1665-1667.
St Augustine never wrote a Rule, properly so called; but Ep. 211 (al. 109) is a See also:long See also:letter of See also:practical See also:advice to a community of nuns, on their daily life; and Serm. 355, 356 describe the See also:common life he led along with his clerics in See also:Hippo. When in the second See also:half of the 11th See also:century the See also:clergy of a See also:great number of collegiate churches were undertaking to live a substantially monastic See also:form of life (see See also:CANON), it was natural that they should look back to this classical See also:model for clerics living in community. And so See also:attention was directed to Si Augustine's writings on community life; and out of them, and See also:spurious writings attributed to him, were compiled towards the See also:close of the 1th century three Rules, the " First " and " Second " being See also:mere fragments, but the " Third " a substantive rule of life in 45 sections, often grouped in twelve chapters. This Third Rule is the one known as " the Rule of St Augustine." Being confined to fundamental principles without entering into details, it has proved itself admirably suited to form the See also:foundation of the religious life of the most varied orders and congregations, and since the 12th century it has proved more prolific than the See also:Benedictine Rule. In an uncritical See also:age it was attributed to St Augustine himself, and Augustinians, especially the canons, put forward fantastic claims to antiquity, asserting unbroken continuity, not merely from St Augustine, but from See also:Christ and the Apostles.
The three Rules are printed in See also:Dugdale, Monasticon (ed. 1846), vi. 42; and in See also:Holsten-Brockie, Codex Regularum, ii. III. For the literature see See also:Otto Zockler, Askese and Monchtum (1897), pp. 347, 354. E. C.
End of Article: AUGUSTINIANS
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