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BAYAZID, or BAJAZET

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Originally appearing in Volume V03, Page 555 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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BAYAZID, or BAJAZET , a border fortress of See also:Asiatic See also:Turkey, See also:chief See also:town of a sanjak of the See also:Erzerum vilayet, situated See also:close to the frontiers of See also:Russia and See also:Persia, and looking across a marshy See also:plain to the See also:great See also:cone of See also:Ararat, at a See also:general See also:altitude of 6000 ft. It occupies a site of great antiquity, as the See also:cuneiform See also:inscriptions on the neighbouring rocks testify; it stands on the site of the old Armenian town of Pakovan. It is picturesquely situated in an See also:amphitheatre of See also:sharp, rocky hills. The great See also:trade route from See also:Trebizond by Erzerum into N.W. Persia crosses the frontier at Kizil Dize a few See also:miles to the See also:south and does not enter the town. A knoll above the town is occupied by the See also:half-ruined fort or See also:palace of former See also:governors, built for Mahmud See also:Pasha by a See also:Persian architect and considered one of the most beautiful buildings in Turkey. It contains two churches and a monastery, the Kasa Kilissa, famous for its antiquity and architectural grandeur. The cuneiform inscriptions are on the See also:rock pinnacles above the town, with some rock See also:chambers, indicating a town or fortress of the Vannic See also:period. The See also:population has lately decreased and now See also:numbers about 4000. A See also:Russian See also:consul resides here and the town is a military station. It was captured during the Russian See also:campaigns of 1828 and 1854, also in 1878, but was then recaptured by the See also:Turks, who subjected the Russian See also:garrison to a See also:long See also:siege; the See also:place was ultimately relieved, but a See also:massacre of Christians then took place in the streets. Bayazid was restored to Turkey by the treaty of See also:Berlin.

End of Article: BAYAZID, or BAJAZET

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