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BREMER, FREDRIKA (r8or–1865)
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See also:BREMER, FREDRIKA (r8or–1865) , See also:Swedish novelist, was See also:born near See also:Abo, in See also:Finland, on the 17th of See also:August 18o1. Her See also:father, a descendant of an old See also:German See also:family, a wealthy See also:iron See also:master and See also:merchant, See also:left Finland when Fredrika was three years old, and after a See also:year's See also:residence in See also:Stockholm, See also:purchased an See also:estate at Arsta, about 20 m. from the See also:capital. There, with occasional visits to Stockholm and to a neighbouring estate, which belonged for a See also:time to her father, Fredrika passed her time till 1820. The See also:education to which she and her sisters were subjected was unusually strict; Fredrika's See also:health began to give way; and in 1821 the family set out for the See also:south of See also:France. They travelled slowly by way of See also:Germany and See also:Switzerland, and returned by See also:Paris and the See also:Netherlands. It was shortly after this time that See also:Miss Bremer became acquainted with See also:Schiller's See also:works, which made a very deep impression on her. She had begun to write verses from the See also:age of eight, and in 1828 she succeeded in finding a publisher for the first See also:volume of her Teckningar ur hvardagslifvet (1828), which at once attracted See also:attention. The second volume (1831), containing one of her best tales, Familjen H., gave decisive See also:evidence that a real novelist had been found in See also:Sweden. The Swedish See also:Academy awarded her their smaller See also:gold See also:medal, and she increased her reputation by Presidentens dottrar (1834), Grannarne (1837) and others. Her father had died in 183o, and her See also:life was thereafter regulated in accordance with her own wishes and tastes. She lived for some years in See also:Norway with a friend, after whose See also:death she travelled in the autumn of 1849 to See also:America, and after spending nearly two years there returned through See also:England. The admirable See also:translations (1846, &c.) of her works by See also:Mary Howitt, which had been received with even greater eagerness in America and England than in Sweden, secured for her a warm and kindly reception. Her impressions of America, Hemmen i nya verlden, were published in 1853-1854, and at once translated into See also:English. After her return Miss Bremer devoted herself to her See also:scheme for the See also:advancement and emancipation of See also:women. Her views on these questions were expounded in her later novels—Hertha (1856) and Far och dotter (1858). Miss Bremer organized a society of ladies in Stockholm for the purpose of visiting the prisons, and during the See also:cholera started a society, the See also:object of which was the care of See also:children left orphans by the epidemic. She devoted herself to other philanthropic and social schemes, and gradually abandoned her earlier See also:simple and charming type of See also:story for novels directed to the furtherance of her views. In these she was less successful. In 1856 she again travelled, and spent five years on the See also:continent and in See also:Palestine. Her reminiscences of these countries have all been translated into English. On her return she settled at Arsta, where, with the exception of a visit to Germany, she spent the remaining years of her life. She died on the 31st of See also:December 1865. See Life, Letters and See also:Posthumous Works of F. Bremer, by her See also:sister, See also:Charlotte Bremer, translated by F. Milow, See also:London, 1868. A selection of her works in 6 vols. appeared at See also:Orebro, 1868-1872. Additional information and CommentsThere are no comments yet for this article.
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