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FLOURENS, GUSTAVE (1838-1871)

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Originally appearing in Volume V10, Page 553 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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FLOURENS, GUSTAVE (1838-1871) , See also:French revolutionist and writer, a son of J. P. Flourens (1794-1867), the physiologist, was See also:born at See also:Paris on the 4th of See also:August 1838. In 1863 he under-took for his See also:father a course of lectures at the See also:College de See also:France, the subject of which was the See also:history of mankind. His theories as to the manifold origin of the human See also:race, however, gave offence to the See also:clergy, and he was precluded from delivering a second course. He then went to See also:Brussels, where he published his lectures under the See also:title of Histoire de l'homme (1863); he next visited See also:Constantinople and See also:Athens, took See also:part in the Cretan insurrection of 1866, spent some See also:time in See also:Italy, where an See also:article of his in the Popolo d'Italia caused his See also:arrest and imprisonment, and finally, having returned to France, nearly lost his See also:life in a See also:duel with See also:Paul de See also:Cassagnac, editor of the Pays. In Paris he devoted his See also:pen to the cause of republicanism, and at length, having failed in an See also:attempt to organize a revolution at See also:Belleville on the 7th of See also:February 187o, found himself compelled to flee from France. Returning to Paris on the downfall of See also:Napoleon, he soon placed himself at the See also:head of a See also:body of 500 tirailleurs. On See also:account of his insurrectionary proceedings he was taken prisoner at Creteil, near See also:Vincennes, by the provisional See also:government, and confined at Mazas on the 7th of See also:December 187o, but was released by his men on the See also:night of See also:January 21-22. On the 18th of See also:March he joined the Communists. He was elected a member of the See also:commune by the loth See also:arrondissement, and was named See also:colonel. He was one of the most active leaders of the insurrection, and in a sortie against the See also:Versailles troops in the See also:morning of the 3rd of See also:April was killed in a See also:hand-to-hand conflict at See also:Rueil, near Malmaison.

Besides his See also:

Science de l'homme (Paris, 1869), Gustave Flourens was the author of numerous fugitive See also:pamphlets. See C. Proles, See also:Les Hommes de la revolution de 1871 (Paris, 1898).

End of Article: FLOURENS, GUSTAVE (1838-1871)

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