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See also:GOIJTHIERE, See also:PIERRE (1740-18o6) , See also:French See also:- METAL
- METAL (through Fr. from Lat. metallum, mine, quarry, adapted from Gr. µATaXAov, in the same sense, probably connected with ,ueraAAdv, to search after, explore, µeTa, after, aAAos, other)
metal worker, was See also:born at See also:Troyes and went to See also:Paris at an See also:early See also:age as the See also:- PUPIL (Lat. pupillus, orphan, minor, dim. of pupus, boy, allied to puer, from root pm- or peu-, to beget, cf. "pupa," Lat. for " doll," the name given to the stage intervening between the larval and imaginal stages in certain insects)
pupil of See also:- MARTIN (Martinus)
- MARTIN, BON LOUIS HENRI (1810-1883)
- MARTIN, CLAUD (1735-1800)
- MARTIN, FRANCOIS XAVIER (1762-1846)
- MARTIN, HOMER DODGE (1836-1897)
- MARTIN, JOHN (1789-1854)
- MARTIN, LUTHER (1748-1826)
- MARTIN, SIR THEODORE (1816-1909)
- MARTIN, SIR WILLIAM FANSHAWE (1801–1895)
- MARTIN, ST (c. 316-400)
- MARTIN, WILLIAM (1767-1810)
Martin Cour. During his brilliant career he executed a vast quantity of metal See also:work of the utmost variety, the best of which was unsurpassed by any of his rivals in that See also:great See also:art See also:period. It was See also:long believed that he received many commissions for See also:furniture from the See also:court of See also:- LOUIS
- LOUIS (804–876)
- LOUIS (893–911)
- LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
- LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian
Louis XVI., and especially from See also:Marie Antoinette, but See also:recent searches suggest that his work for the See also:queen was confined to bronzes. Gouthiere can, however, well See also:bear this loss, nor will his reputation suffer should those critics ultimately be justified who believe that many of the furniture mounts attributed to him were from the See also:hand of Thomire. But if he did not work for the court he unquestionably produced many of the most splendid belongings of the duc d'See also:Aumont, the duchesse de See also:Mazarin and Mme du See also:Barry. Indeed the See also:custom of the beautiful See also:mistress of Louis XV. brought about the See also:financial ruin of the great artist, who accomplished more than any other See also:man for the fame of her See also:chateau of Louveciennes, When the collection of the duc d'Aumont was sold by See also:auction in Paris in 1782 so many See also:objects niounted by Gouthiere were bought for Louis XVI. and Marie Antoinette that it is not difficult to perceive the basis of the belief that they were actually made for the court. The due's See also:sale See also:catalogue is, however, in existence, with the names of the purchasers and the prices realized. The auction was almost an See also:apotheosis of Gouthiere. The See also:precious See also:lacquer cabinets, the chandeliers and candelabra, the tables and cabinets in See also:marquetry, the columns and vases in See also:porphyry, See also:jasper and choice See also:marbles, the porcelains of See also:China and See also:Japan were nearly all mounted in See also:bronze by him. More than fifty of these pieces See also:bore Gouthiere's See also:signature. The duc d'Aumont's See also:cabinet represented the high-See also:water See also:mark of the chaser's art, and the great prices which were paid for Gouthiere's work at this sale are the most conclusive criterion of the value set upon his achievement in his own See also:day. Thus Marie Antoinette paid 12,000 livres for a red jasper bowl or See also:- BRIDE (a common Teutonic word, e.g..Goth. bruths, O. Eng. bryd, O. H. Ger. prs2t, Mod. Ger. Bract, Dut. bruid, possibly derived from the root bru-, cook, brew; from the med. latinized form bruta, in the sense of daughter-in-law, is derived the Fr. bru)
bride-parfums mounted by him, which was then already famous. Curiously enough it commanded only one-tenth of that See also:price at the See also:Fournier sale in 183 r; but in 1865, when the See also:marquis of See also:Hertford bought it at the See also:prince de See also:Beauvais's sale, it fetched 31,900 francs. It is now in the See also:Wallace Collection, which contains the finest and most representative gathering of Gouthiere's undoubted work. The mounts of gilt bronze, See also:cast and elaborately chased, show See also:satyrs' heads, from which hang festoons of See also:vine leaves, while within the feet a See also:serpent is coiled to See also:spring. A smaller See also:cup is one of the treasures of the Louvre. There too is a bronze See also:clock, signed by " Gouthiere, cizileur et doreur du See also:Roy d Paris," dated 1771, with a See also:river See also:god, a water nymph symbolizing the See also:Rhone and its tributary the See also:Durance, and a See also:female figure typifying the See also:city of See also:Avignon. Not all of Gouthiere's work is of the highest quality, and much of what he executed was from the designs of others. At his best his delicacy, refinement and finish are exceedingly delightful—in his great moments he ranks with the highest alike as artist and as craftsman. The See also:tone of soft dead See also:gold which is found on some of his mounts he is believed to have invented, but indeed the See also:gilding of all his superlative
work possesses a remarkable quality. This See also:charm of tone is
admirably seen in the bronzes and candelabra which he executed
for the See also:chimneypiece of Marie Antoinette's boudoir at See also:Fontaine-
bleau. He continued to embellish Louveciennes for Madame
du Barry until the Revolution, and then the See also:guillotine came for
her and See also:absolute ruin for him. When her See also:property was seized
she owed him 756,000 livres, of which he never received a sol, despite repeated applications to the administrators. " Reduit a solliciter une See also:place a l'See also:hospice, it mourul clans la misbre." So it was stated in a lawsuit brought by his sons against du Barry's heirs.
End of Article: GOIJTHIERE, PIERRE (1740-18o6)
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