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HANRIOT, FRANCOIS (1761-1794)

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Originally appearing in Volume V12, Page 927 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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HANRIOT, See also:FRANCOIS (1761-1794) , See also:French revolutionist, was See also:born at See also:Nanterre (See also:Seine) of poor parentage. Having lost his first employment—with a procureur—through dishonesty, he obtained a clerkship in the See also:Paris See also:octroi in 1789, but was dismissed for abandoning his See also:post when the Parisians burned the octroi barriers on the See also:night of the 12th--13th of See also:July 1789. After leading a See also:hand-to-mouth existence for some See also:time, he became one of the orators of the See also:section of the sans-culottes, and commanded the armed force of that section during the insurrection on the loth of See also:August 1792 and the massacres of See also:September. But he did not come into prominence until the night of the 30th-31st of May 1793, when he was provisionally appointed commandant-See also:general of the armed forces of Paris by the See also:council general of the See also:Commune. On the 31st of May he was one of the delegates from the Commune to the See also:Convention demanding the See also:dissolution of the See also:Commission of Twelve and the proscription of the See also:Girondists (q.v.), and he was in command of the insurrectionary forces of the Commune during the emeute of the 2nd of See also:June (see FRENCH REVOLUTION). On the Ilth of June he resigned his command, declaring that See also:order had been restored. On the 13th he was impeached in the Convention; but the See also:motion was not carried, and on the 1st of July he was elected by the Commune permanent See also:commander of the armed forces of Paris. This position, which gave him enormous See also:power, he retained until the revolution of the 9th See also:Thermidor (July 27, 1794). His See also:arrest was decreed; but he had the generale sounded and the See also:tocsin See also:rung, and tried to See also:rescue See also:Robespierre, who was under arrest in the See also:hall of the Comite de Stlrete Generale. Hanriot was himself arrested, but was rescued by his adherents, and hastened to the Hotel de Ville. After a vain See also:attempt to organize resistance he fled and hid in a secluded yard, where he was discovered the next See also:day. He was arrested, sentenced to See also:death, and guillotined with Robespierre and his See also:friends on the loth Thermidor of the See also:year II.

(the 28th of July 1794).

End of Article: HANRIOT, FRANCOIS (1761-1794)

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