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HELDER

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Originally appearing in Volume V13, Page 219 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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HELDER , a seaport See also:

town at the See also:northern extremity of the See also:province of See also:North See also:Holland, in the See also:kingdom of Holland, 51 M. by See also:rail N.N.W. of See also:Amsterdam. Pop. (1900) 25,842. It is situated on the Marsdiep, the channel separating the See also:island of Texel from the mainland, and the See also:main entrance to the Zuider Zee, and besides being the See also:terminus of the North Holland See also:canal from Amsterdam, it is an important See also:naval and military station. On the See also:east See also:side of the town, called the Nieuwe Diep, is situated the See also:fine See also:harbour, which formerly served, as Ymuiden now does, as the See also:outer See also:port of Amsterdam. In this neighbourhood are the naval wharves and magazines, wet and dry docks, and the naval See also:cadet school of Holland, the name Willemsoord being given to the whole naval See also:establishment. From Nieuwe Diep to Fort Erfprins on the See also:west side of the town, a distance of about 5 m., stretches the See also:great See also:sea-See also:dike which here takes the See also:place of the See also:dunes. This dike descends at an See also:angle of 40° for a distance of 200 ft. into the sea, and is composed of See also:Norwegian See also:granite and Belgian See also:limestone, strengthened at intervals by projecting jetties of piles and fascines. A circle of forts and batteries defends the town and See also:coast, and there is a permanent See also:garrison of 7000 to 9000 men, while 30,000 men can be accommodated within the lines, and the province flooded from this point. Besides several churches and a See also:synagogue, there are a town See also:hall (1836), a See also:hospital, an See also:orphan See also:asylum, the " See also:palace " of the See also:board of marine, a meteorological See also:observatory, a zoological station and a lighthouse. The See also:industries of the town are sustained by the garrison and marine establishments.

End of Article: HELDER

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