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HELIOPOLIS

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Originally appearing in Volume V13, Page 230 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.

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HELIOPOLIS , one of the most See also:

ancient cities of See also:

EGYPT

Egypt, met with in the See also:

Bible under its native name On. It stood 5 M. E. of the See also:

Nile at the See also:

APEX

apex of the See also:

DELTA (from the shape of the Gr. letter A, delta, originally used of the mouth of the Nile)

Delta. It was the See also:

PRINCIPAL

principal seat of See also:

sun-See also:

WORSHIP (i.e. " worth-ship," O. Eng. weor8scipe)

worship, and in historic times its importance was entirely religious. There appear to have been two forms of the sun-See also:

GOD

god at Heliopolis in the New See also:

KINGDOM

Kingdom—namely, Ra-Harakht, or Re`-Harmakhis, See also:

falcon-headed, and Etom, human-headed; the former was the sun in his See also:

MID

mid-See also:

day strength, the latter the evening sun. A sacred See also:

bull was worshipped here under the name Mnevis (Eg. Mreu), and was especially connected with Etom. The sun-god Re' (see EGYPT: See also:

Religion) was especially the royal god, the ancestor of all the Pharaohs, who therefore held the See also:

temple of Heliopolis in See also:

GREAT

great See also:

HONOUR (Lat. honos or lwnor, honoris; in English the word was spelled with or without the u indifferently until the 17th century, but during the 18th century it became fashion-able to spell the word " honor "; Johnson's and Webster's Dictionaries stereoty

honour. Each See also:

DYNASTY (Gr. &vvaareta, sovereignty, the position of a hevnori7r, lord, ruler, from SuvaaBay to be able, Suvaµas, power)

dynasty might give the first See also:

PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place to the god of its See also:

RESIDENCE (Latin residere, to remain behind, to dwell, reside)

residence—Ptah of See also:

MEMPHIS

Memphis, See also:

Ammon of See also:

Thebes, See also:

NEITH

Neith of See also:

SAIS (Egyptian Sai)

Sais, See also:

BUBASTIS

Bubastis of Bubastis, but all alike honoured Re`. His temple became in a See also:

SPECIAL

special degree a depository for royal records, and See also:

HERODOTUS (c. 484-425 B.C.)

Herodotus states that the priests of Heliopolis were the best informed in matters of See also:

HISTORY

history of all the Egyptians. The See also:

SCHOOLS

schools of See also:

PHILOSOPHY (Gr. gthos, fond of, and vo4 (a, wisdom)

philosophy and See also:

ASTRONOMY (from Gr. &arpov, a star, and v ,usiv, to classify or arrange)

astronomy are said to have been frequented by See also:

PLATO

Plato and other See also:

Greek philosophers; See also:

STRABO (born c. 63 n.c.)

Strabo, however, found them deserted, and the See also:

TOWN

town itself almost uninhabited, although priests were still there, and cicerones for the curious traveller. The See also:

PTOLEMIES

Ptolemies probably took little See also:

INTEREST

interest in their " See also:

FATHER

father " Re', and See also:

Alexandria had eclipsed the learning of Heliopolis; thus with the withdrawal of royal favour Heliopolis quickly dwindled, and the students of native See also:

lore deserted it for other temples supported by a wealthy See also:

POPULATION (Lat. populus, people; populare, to populate)

population of pious citizens.

In See also:

ROMAN

Roman times obelisks were taken from its temples to adorn the See also:

NORTHERN

northern cities of the Delta, and even across the Mediterranean to See also:

Rome. Finally the growth of Fostat and See also:

Cairo, only 6 m. to the S.W., caused the ruins to be ransacked for See also:

BUILDING

building materials. The site was known to the See also:

ARABS

Arabs as `A yin esh shems, " the See also:

FOUNTAIN (Late Lat. fontana, from ions, a spring)

fountain of the sun," more recently as Tel Hisn. It has now been brought for the most See also:

PART

part under cultivation, but the ancient See also:

CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city walls of crude See also:

BRICK (derived according to some etymologists from the Teutonic bricke, a disk or plate; but more authoritatively, through the French brique, originally a " broken piece," applied especially to bread, and so to clay, from the Teutonic brikan, to break)

brick are to be seen in the See also:

FIELDS, JAMES THOMAS (1817-1881)

fields on all sides, and the position of the great temple is marked by an See also:

OBELISK (Gr. b/3EXivrcos, diminutive of OEMs, a spit)

obelisk still See also:

STANDING

standing (the earliest known, being one of a pair set up by Senwosri I., the second See also:

king of the Twelfth Dynasty) and a few See also:

GRANITE (adapted from the Ital. granite, grained; Lat. granum, grain)

granite blocks bearing the name of See also:

RAMESES, or RAMESSES (Gen. xlvii. r1; Exod. xii. 37; Num. xxxiii. 3)

Rameses II. See Strabo xvii. cap. 1. 27-28; See also:

BAEDEKER, KARL (1801–1859)

Baedeker's Egypt. (F. Li..

End of Article: HELIOPOLIS

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