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HOSHIARPUR

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Originally appearing in Volume V13, Page 788 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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HOSHIARPUR , a See also:

town of See also:British See also:India, in the See also:Jullundur See also:division of the See also:Punjab. Pop. (1901), 17,549. It was founded, according to tradition, about the See also:early See also:part of the 14th See also:century. In 1809 it was occupied by Ranjit Singh. The maharaja and his successors maintained a considerable See also:cantonment 1 m. S.E. of the town, and the British See also:government kept it up for several years after the See also:annexation of the Punjab in 1849. There are manufactures of See also:cotton goods, inlaid woodwork, lacquered See also:ware, shoes and See also:copper vessels. The See also:DISTRICT OF HOSHIARPUR comprises an See also:area of 2244 sq. m.; pop. (1901) 989,782, showing a decrease of 2% in the See also:decade, compared with an increase of 12% during the previous decade. It falls into two nearly equal portions of See also:hill and See also:plain See also:country. Its eastern See also:face consists of the westward slope of the See also:Solar Singhi Hills; parallel with that See also:ridge, a See also:line of See also:lower heights belonging to the Siwalik range traverses the district from See also:south to See also:north, while between the . two chains stretches a valley of uneven width, known as the Jaswan Dun.

Its upper portion is crossed by the Sohan torrent, while the See also:

Sutlej sweeps into its lower end through a break in the hills, and flows in a southerly direction till it turns the flank of the central range, and debouches westwards upon the plains. This western plain consists of alluvial formation, with a See also:general See also:westerly slope owing to the See also:deposit of silt from the See also:mountain torrents in the sub-montane See also:tract. The See also:Beas has a fringe of See also:lowland, open to moderate but not excessive inundations, and considered very fertile. A considerable area is covered by government woodlands, under the care of the See also:forest See also:department. See also:Rice is largely grown, in the marshy flats along the See also:banks of the Beas. Several religious fairs are held, at Anandpur, Mukerian and Chintpurni, all of which attract an enormous concourse of See also:people. The district, owing to its proximity to the hills, possesses a comparatively cool and humid See also:climate. Cotton fabrics are manufactured, and See also:sugar, rice and other grains, See also:tobacco and See also:indigo are among the exports. The country around Hoshiarpur formed part of the old See also:Hindu See also:frame-See also:work See also:knitting. For this See also:reason it is largely used in the See also:shawl, See also:kingdom of Katoch in Jullundur. The See also:state was eventually broken up, and the See also:present district was divided between the rajas of Ditarpur and Jaswan. They retained undisturbed See also:possession of their territories until 1759, when the rising See also:Sikh chieftains commenced a See also:series of encroachments upon the hill tracts.

In 1815 the aggressive maharaja, Ranjit Singh, forced the ruler of Jaswan to resign his territories in See also:

exchange for an See also:estate on feudal See also:tenure; three years later the See also:raja of Ditarpur met with similar treatment. By the See also:close of the See also:year 1818 the whole country from the Sutlej to the Beas had come under the government of See also:Lahore, and after the first Sikh See also:war in 1846 passed to the British government. The deposed rajas of Ditarpur and Jaswan received See also:cash See also:pensions from the new rulers, but expressed See also:bitter disappointment at not being restored to their former See also:sovereign position. Accordingly the outbreak of the second Sikh war, in 1848 found the disaffected chieftains ready for See also:rebellion. They organized a revolt, but the two rajas and the other ringleaders were captured, and their estates confiscated.

End of Article: HOSHIARPUR

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