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HYPOSTASIS

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Originally appearing in Volume V14, Page 208 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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HYPOSTASIS , in See also:

theology, a See also:term frequently occurring in the Trinitarian controversies of the 4th and 5th centuries. According to See also:Irenaeus (i. 5, 4) it was introduced into theology by Gnostic writers, and in earliest ecclesiastical usage appears, as among the See also:Stoics, to have been synonymous with do-la. Thus See also:Dionysius of See also:Rome (cf. See also:Routh, Rel. Sacr. iii. 373) condemns the See also:attempt to sever the Godhead into three See also:separate hypostases and three deities, and the Nicene Creed in the anathemas speaks of iripac itroo'ractetos i oiuLas. Alongside, however, of this persistent interchange there was a See also:desire to distinguish between the terms, and to confine inroorao-as to the Divine persons. This tendency arose in See also:Alexandria, and its progress may be seen in comparing the See also:early and later writings of See also:Athanasius. That writer, in view of the Arian trouble, See also:felt that it was better to speak of ovvia as " the See also:common undifferentiated substance of Deity," and vaouracts as " Deity existing in a See also:personal mode, the substance of Deity with certain See also:special properties " (ovvia See also:writ TWwv i&coyirwv). At the See also:council of Alexandria in 362 the phrase rpas inroo-rheas was permitted, and the See also:work of this council was supplemented by See also:Basil, See also:Gregory of Nazianzus and Gregory of Nyssa in the See also:formula µia See also:auk, pas UrOO'TaCIELS Or pia ovvia iv rpiaw vrovravecay. The results arrived at by these Cappadocian fathers were stated in a later See also:age by See also:John of See also:Damascus (De orlh.

/iid. iii. 6), quoted in R. L. Ottley, The See also:

Doctrine of the Incarnation, ii. 257.

End of Article: HYPOSTASIS

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