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JONAS, JUSTUS (1493–1555)

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Originally appearing in Volume V15, Page 497 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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JONAS, JUSTUS (1493–1555) , See also:German See also:Protestant reformer, was See also:born at See also:Nordhausen in Thuringia, on the 5th of See also:June 1493. His real name was Jodokus (See also:Jobst) See also:Koch, which he changed according to the See also:common See also:custom of German scholars in the 16th See also:century, when at the university of See also:Erfurt. He entered that university in 15o6, studied See also:law and the humanities, and became See also:Master of Arts in 151o. In 1511 he went to See also:Wittenberg, where he took his See also:bachelor's degree in law. He returned to Erfurt in 1514 or 1515, was ordained See also:priest, and in 1518 was promoted See also:doctor in both faculties and appointed to a well-endowed canonry in the See also:church of St See also:Severus, to which a profes-sorship of law was attached. His See also:great admiration for See also:Erasmus first led him to See also:Greek and biblical studies, and his See also:election in May 1519 as See also:rector of the university was regarded as a See also:triumph for the partisans of the New Learning. It was not, however, until after the See also:Leipzig disputation with See also:Eck that See also:Luther won his See also:allegiance. He accompanied Luther to See also:Worms in 1521, and there was appointed by the elector of See also:Saxony See also:professor of See also:canon law at Wittenberg. During Luther's stay in the See also:Wartburg Jonas was one of the most active of the Wittenberg reformers. Giving himself up to See also:preaching and polemics, he aided the See also:Reformation by his See also:gift as a translator, turning Luther's and See also:Melanchthon's See also:works into German or Latin as the See also:case might be, thus becoming a sort of See also:double of both. He was busied in conferences and visitations during the next twenty years, and in See also:diplomatic See also:work with the princes. In 1541 he began a successful preaching crusade in See also:Halle; he became See also:superintendent of its churches in 1542.

In 1546 he was See also:

present at Luther's deathbed at See also:Eisleben, and preached the funeral See also:sermon; but in the same See also:year was banished from the duchy by See also:Maurice, See also:duke (later elector) of Saxony. From that See also:time until his See also:death, Jonas was unable to secure a satisfactory living. He wandered from See also:place to place preaching, and finally went to Eisfeld (1553), where he died. He had been married three times. See Brief swechsel See also:des Justus Jonas, gesammelt .und bearbeitet von G. Kawerau (2 vols., Halle, 1884–1885) ; Kawerau's See also:article in See also:Herzog-Hauck, Realencyklopadie, ed. 3, with bibliography.

End of Article: JONAS, JUSTUS (1493–1555)

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