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KOCH, ROBERT (1843–1910)

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Originally appearing in Volume V15, Page 885 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.

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KOCH
KOCH, ROBERT (1843–1910)

KOCH, See also:
ROBERT
ROBERT (1275—1343)
ROBERT, HUBERT (1753-1808)
ROBERT, LOUIS LEOPOLD (1794-1835)
ROBERT (1843–1910) , See also:

German bacteriologist, was See also:

BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at Klausthal, See also:

Hanover, on the rith of See also:

DECEMBER (Lat. decent, ten)

December 1843. He studied See also:

MEDICINE

medicine at See also:

GOTTINGEN

Gottingen, and it was while he was practising as a physician at Wollstein that he began those bacteriological researches that made his name famous. In 1876 he obtained a pure culture of the bacillus of See also:

ANTHRAX (the Greek for " coal,” or " carbuncle," so called by the ancients because they regarded it as burning like coal; cf. the French equivalent charbon; also known as fievre charbonneuse, Milzbrand, splenic fever, and malignant pustule)

anthrax, announcing a method of preventive inoculation against that disease seven years later. He became a member of the Sanitary See also:

COMMISSION (from Lat. commissio, committere)

Commission at See also:

Berlin and a See also:

PROFESSOR (the Latin noun formed from the verb profiteri, to declare publicly, to acknowledge, profess)

professor at the School of Medicine in 188o, and five years later he was appointed to a See also:

CHAIR (in. Mid. Eng. chcere, through O. Fr. chaire or chaiere, from Lat. cathedra, later caledra, Gr. xaOi3pa, seat, cf. "cathedral"; the modern Fr. form chaise, a chair, has been adopted in English with a particular meaning as a form of carriage; chaire

chair in Berlin University and director of the See also:

INSTITUTE (from Lat. instituere, to establish or set up)

Institute of See also:

HEALTH

Health. In 1882, largely as the result of•the improved methods of bacteriological investigation he was able to elaborate, he discovered the bacillus of See also:

TUBERCULOSIS

tuberculosis; and in the following See also:

YEAR

year, having been sent on an See also:

OFFICIAL (Late Lat. QJicialis, for class. Lat. apparitor, from officium, office, duty)

official See also:

MISSION

mission to See also:

EGYPT

Egypt and See also:

India to study the See also:

AETIOLOGY, or ETIOLOGY (from Gr. atria, cause, and Xo yia, discourse)

aetiology of See also:

ASIATIC

Asiatic See also:

CHOLERA (from the Gr. Xo)du, tile, and Map, to flow)

cholera, he identified the See also:

COMMA (Gr. Kbµµa, a thing stamped or cut off, from Koirrecv, to strike)

comma bacillus as the specific organism of that malady. In 1890 See also:

GREAT

great hopes were aroused by the announcement that in tuberculin he had prepared an See also:

AGENT (from Lat. agere, to act)

agent which exercised an inimical See also:

INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence on the growth of the tubercle bacillus, but the expectations that were formed of it as a remedy for See also:

CONSUMPTION (Lat. consumere)

consumption were not fulfilled, though it came into considerable See also:

VOGUE, EUGENE MELCHIOR, COMTE DE (1848- )

vogue as a means of diagnosing the existence of tuberculosis in animals intended for See also:

food. At the See also:

CONGRESS (Lat. congressus, coming together, from congredi; cum, with, and gradus, step)

Congress on Tuberculosis held in See also:

LONDON

London in 1901 he maintained that tuberculosis in See also:

man and in See also:

CATTLE (Norman Fr. catel, from Late Lat. capitale, wealth or property, a word applied in the feudal system to movable property and particularly to live stock, and surviving in its wider meaning as " chattel " or " chattle ")

cattle is not the same disease, the See also:

PRACTICAL

practical inference being that the danger to men of infection from See also:

MILK (0. Eng. meoluc; from a common Indo-European root, cf. Lat. mulgere, Gr. ?t dXyetv)

milk and See also:

MEAT

meat is less than from other human subjects suffering from the disease. This statement, however, was not regarded as properly proved, and one of its results was the See also:

APPOINTMENT, POWER OF

appointment of a See also:

BRITISH

British Royal Commission to study the question. Dr Koch also investigated the nature of ri.Tderpest in See also:

South See also:

Africa in 1896, and found means of combating the disease. In 1897 he went to Bombay at the See also:

head of a commission formed to investigate the bubonic See also:

PLAGUE (in Gr. Xotµos; in Lat. pestis, pestilentia)

plague, and he subsequently undertook extensive travels in pursuit of his studies on the origin and treatment of See also:

MALARIA

malaria. He was summoned to South Africa a second See also:

time in 1903 to give See also:

EXPERT (Lat. expertus, from experiri, to try)

expert See also:

ADVICE (Fr. avis, from Lat. ad, to, and visum, viewed)

advice on other cattle diseases, and on his return was elected a member of the Berlin See also:

Academy of Sciences. In 1906–1907 he spent eighteen months in See also:

East Africa, investigating sleeping-sickness.

He died at See also:

Baden-Baden of See also:

heart-disease on the 28th of May 1910. Koch was undoubtedly one of the greatest bacteriologists ever known, and a great benefactor of humanity by his discoveries. Honours were showered upon him, and in 1905 he was awarded the See also:

NOBEL, ALFRED BERNHARD (1833-1896)

Nobel See also:

PRIZE, or PRIZE OF WAR (Fr. prise, from prendre, to take)

prize for medicine. Among his See also:

WORKS

works may be mentioned: Weitere Mitteilungen fiber ein Heilmittel gegen Tuberkulose (See also:

LEIPZIG

Leipzig, 1891); and Reiseberichte fiber Kinder pest, Bubonen pest in Indien and Africa, Tsetse- See also:

ODER (Lat. Viadua; Slavonic, Vjodr)

oder Surra-Krankheit, Texasfieber, tropische Malaria, Schwarzwasserfieber (Berlin, 1898). From 1886 onwards he edited, with Dr Karl Flugge, the Zeitschrift See also:

FUR (connected with O. Fr. forre, a sheath or case; so " an outer covering ")

fur See also:

HYGIENE (Fr. hygiene, from Gr. ir'taivety, to be healthy)

Hygiene and Infektionskrankheiten (published at Leipzig). See Loeffler, " Robert Koch, zum 6oten Geburtstage " in Deut. Medizin. Wochenschr. (No. 50, 1903).

End of Article: KOCH, ROBERT (1843–1910)

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