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KURNOOL, or KARNUL

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Originally appearing in Volume V15, Page 952 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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KURNOOL, or KARNUL , a See also:town and See also:district of See also:British See also:India, in the See also:Madras See also:presidency. The town is built on a rocky See also:soil at the junction of the Hindri and See also:Tungabhadra See also:rivers 33 M. from a railway station. The old See also:Hindu fort was levelled in 1865, with the exception of one of the See also:gates, which Weis preserved as a specimen of See also:ancient See also:architecture. See also:Cotton See also:cloth and carpets are manufactured. Pop. (1901), 25,376, of whom See also:half are Mussulmans. The DISTRICT OF KURNOOL has an See also:area of 7578 sq. m., pop. (1901), 872,055, showing an increase of 6% in the See also:decade. Two See also:long See also:mountain ranges, the Nallamalais and the Yellamalais, extend in parallel lines, See also:north and See also:south, through its centre. The See also:principal heights of the Nallamalai range are Biranikonda (3149 ft.), Gundlabrahmeswaram (3055 ft.), and Durugapukonda (3086 ft.). The Yellamalai is a See also:low range, generally See also:flat-topped with scarped sides; the highest point is about 2000 ft. Several low ridges run parallel to the Nallamalais, broken here and there by See also:gorges, through which mountain streams take their course.

Several of these gaps were dammed across under native See also:

rule, to See also:form tanks for purposes of See also:irrigation. The principal rivers are the Tungabhadra and See also:Kistna, which See also:bound the district on the north. When in See also:flood, the Tungabhadra averages 900 yards broad and 15 ft. deep. The Kistna here flows chiefly through uninhabited jungles, sometimes in long smooth reaches, with intervening shingly rapids. The Bhavanasi rises on the Nallamalais, and falls into the Kistna at Sungameswaram, a See also:place of See also:pilgrimage. During the 18th See also:century Kurnool formed the jagir of a semi-See also:independent See also:Pathan See also:Nawab, whose descendant was dispossessed by the British See also:government for See also:treason in 1838. The principal crops are millets, cotton, oil-seeds, and See also:rice, with a little See also:indigo and See also:tobacco. Kurnool suffered very severely from the See also:famine of 1876–1877, and to a slight extent in 1896–1897. It is the See also:chief See also:scene of the operations of the Madras Irrigation See also:Company taken over by government in 1882. The See also:canal, which starts from the Tungabhadra See also:river near Kurnool town, was constructed at a See also:total cost of two millions See also:sterling, but has not been a See also:financial success. A more successful See also:work is the Cumbum tank, formed under native rule by damming a See also:gorge of the Gundlakamma river. Apart from the See also:weaving of coarse cotton cloth, the chief See also:industrial establishments are cotton presses, indigo vats, and See also:saltpetre refineries.

The district is served by the See also:

Southern Mahratta railway.

End of Article: KURNOOL, or KARNUL

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