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NELLORE

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Originally appearing in Volume V19, Page 352 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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NELLORE , a See also:

town and See also:district of See also:India, in the See also:Madras See also:presidency. The town is on the right See also:bank of the See also:Pennar See also:river, and has a station on the See also:East See also:Coast railway, 109 M. N. of Madras See also:city. Pop. (1901) 32,040. There are See also:United See also:Free See also:Church, See also:American Baptist and See also:Catholic See also:missions. The DISTRICT OF NELLORE has an See also:area of 8761 sq. m. It comprises a See also:tract of See also:low-lying See also:land extending from the See also:base of the Eastern See also:Ghats to the See also:sea. Its See also:general aspect is forbidding: the coast-See also:line is a fringe of blown See also:sand through which the waves occasionally break, spreading a See also:salt sterility , over the See also:fields. Farther inland the See also:country begins to rise, but the See also:soil is not naturally fertile, nor are means of See also:irrigation readily at See also:hand. About one-See also:half of the See also:total area is cultivated; the See also:rest is either rocky See also:waste or is covered with low scrub See also:jungle. The See also:chief See also:rivers are the Pennar, Suvarnamukhi and Gundlakamma.

They are not navigable, but are utilized for irrigation purposes, the chief irrigation See also:

work being the anicut across the Pennar. Nellore, however, is subject both to droughts and to floods. See also:Copper was discovered in the western hills in 1801, but several attempts by See also:European capitalists to work the ore proved unremunerative, and the enterprise has been abandoned since 1840. See also:Iron ore is smelted by indigenous methods in many places, but the most important See also:mining See also:industry is that of See also:mica. Salt is largely manufactured along the sea-coast. Nellore, with the other districts of the Carnatic, passed under See also:direct See also:British See also:administration in 1801. The See also:population in 1901 was 1,496,987 showing an increase of 2.3% in the See also:decade. In 1904 a portion of the district was transferred to the newly formed district of Guntur, reducing the remaining area to 7965 sq. m., with a population of 1,272,815. The See also:principal crops are millets, See also:rice; other See also:food grains, See also:indigo and oil-seeds. The breed of See also:cattle is celebrated. The East Coast railway, See also:running through the length of the district, was opened throughout for See also:traffic in 1899. The See also:section from Nellore town to Gudur, formerly on the See also:metre See also:gauge, has been converted to the See also:standard gauge.

Previously the chief means of communication with Madras was by the See also:

Buckingham See also:canal. The sea-See also:borne See also:trade is insignificant.

End of Article: NELLORE

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