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ORODES (also called HYRODES, Pers. Hu...

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Originally appearing in Volume V20, Page 327 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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ORODES (also called HYRODES, Pers. Hurauda) , the name of two See also:Parthian See also:kings. I. ORODES I., son of Phraates III., whom he murdered in 57 B.C., assisted by his See also:brother See also:Mithradates III. This Mithradates was made See also:king of See also:Media, but soon afterwards was expelled by Orodes and fled into See also:Syria. Thence he invaded the Parthian See also:kingdom, but having reigned for a See also:short See also:time (55) was besieged by So.renas, See also:general of Orodes, in See also:Seleucia, and after a prolongedresistance was captured and slain. Meanwhile See also:Crassus had begun his See also:attempt to conquer the See also:east, but he was defeated and killed in 53 at Carrhae by Surenas, while Orodes himself invaded See also:Armenia and forced King Artavasdes, the son of See also:Tigranes, to abandon the See also:Romans. By the victory of Carrhae the countries east of the See also:Euphrates were secured to the Parthians. In the next See also:year they invaded Syria, but with little success, for Surenas, whose achievements had made him too dangerousi was killed by Orodes (Plut. Crass. 33), and See also:Pacorus, the See also:young son of the king, was defeated by C. See also:Cassius in 51.

During the See also:

civil See also:war the Parthians sided first with See also:Pompey and then with See also:Brutus and Cassius, but took no See also:action until 40 B.C., when Pacorus, assisted by the See also:Roman deserter See also:Labienus, conquered a See also:great See also:part of Syria and See also:Asia See also:Minor, but was.defeated and killed by Ventidius in 38 (see PACORUS). The old king, Orodes, who was deeply afflicted by the See also:death of his gallant son, appointed his son Phraates IV. successor, but was soon afterwards killed by him (37 s.c.; Dio. See also:Cass. 49.23; See also:Justin 42.4; Plut. Cr(Issus, 33)• See also:Plutarch relates that Orodes understood See also:Greek very well; of ter the death of Crassus the Baca/me of See also:Euripides were represented at his See also:court (Plut. Crass. 33). 2. ORODES II., raised to the See also:throne by the magnates after the death of Phraates V. about A.D. 5, was killed after a short reign "on See also:account of his extreme See also:cruelty" (See also:Joseph. See also:Ant. xviii. 2, 4).

(ED.

End of Article: ORODES (also called HYRODES, Pers. Hurauda)

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