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See also:CASS, See also:LEWIS (1782–1866) , See also:American See also:general and statesman, was See also:born at See also:Exeter, New See also:Hampshire, on the 9th of See also:October 1782. He was educated at See also:Phillips Exeter See also:Academy, joined his See also:father at See also:Marietta, See also:Ohio, about 1799, studied See also:law there in the See also:- OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")
office of Return See also:Jonathan Meigs (1765–1825), and was admitted to the See also:bar at the See also:age of twenty. Four years later he became a member, of the Ohio legislature. During the See also:War of 1812 he served under General See also:- WILLIAM
- WILLIAM (1143-1214)
- WILLIAM (1227-1256)
- WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
- WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
- WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
- WILLIAM, 13TH
William See also:Hull, whose surrender at See also:Detroit he strongly condemned, and under General W. H. See also:Harrison, and See also:rose from the See also:rank of See also:colonel of See also:volunteers to be See also:major-general of Ohio See also:militia and finally to be a brigadier-general in the See also:regular See also:United States See also:army. In 1813 he was appointed See also:governor of the territory of See also:Michigan, the See also:area of which was much larger than that of the See also:present See also:state. This position gave him the See also:chief See also:control of See also:Indian affairs for the territory, which was then occupied almost entirely by natives, there being only 6000 See also:- WHITE
- WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832– )
- WHITE, GILBERT (1720–1793)
- WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
- WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
- WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
- WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
- WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
- WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835– )
- WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
- WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
- WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845– )
- WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
- WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)
white settlers. During the eighteen years in which he held this See also:post he rendered valuable services to the territory and to the nation; he extinguished the Indian See also:title to large tracts of See also:land, instituted surveys, constructed roads, and explored the lakes and See also:sources of the See also:Mississippi See also:river. His relations with the See also:British authorities in See also:Canada after the War of 1812 were at times very trying, as these officials persisted in searching American vessels on the See also:Great Lakes and in arousing the hostility of the See also:Indians of the territory against the American See also:government. To those experiences was largely due the antipathyfor Great See also:Britain manifested by him in his later career. Upon the reorganization of See also:President See also:Jackson's See also:cabinet in 1831 he became secretary of war, and held this office until 1836. It See also:fell to him, therefore, to See also:direct the conduct of the See also:Black See also:Hawk and See also:Seminole See also:wars. He sided with the president in his See also:nullification controversy with See also:South Carolina and in his removal of the Indians from See also:Georgia, but not in his withdrawal of the government deposits from the United States See also:Bank.
In 1836 General Cass was appointed See also:minister to See also:France, and became very popular with the See also:French government and See also:people. In 1842, when the Quintuple Treaty was negotiated by representatives of See also:England, France, See also:Prussia, See also:Russia and See also:Austria for the suppression of the slave See also:trade by the exercise of the right of See also:search, Cass attacked it in a pamphlet entitled " An Examination of the Questions now in Discussion between the American and British Government Concerning the Right of Search," and presented to the French government a formal memorial which was probably instrumental in preventing the ratification of the treaty by France. In this same See also:year the See also:Webster-See also:Ashburton treaty between Great Britain and the United States was concluded, and, as England did not thereby relinquish her claim of the right to search American vessels, Cass, after having taken such a decided stand in this controversy, See also:felt himself in an awkward position, and resigned his post. His attitude on this question made him very popular in See also:America, and he was a strong, but unsuccessful, See also:candidate for the Democratic nomination for the See also:presidency in 1844.' From 1845 to 1848 and from 1849 to 1857 he was a member of the United States See also:Senate, and in 1846 was a See also:leader of those demanding the " re-See also:annexation " of all the See also:Oregon See also:country south of 54° 40' or war with England, and was one of the fourteen who voted against the ratification of the See also:compromise with England at the 49th parallel. He loyally supported See also:Polk's See also:administration during the Mexican War, opposed the See also:Wilmot Proviso, and advocated the Compromise See also:Measures of 185o and the See also:Kansas-See also:Nebraska See also:Bill of 1854. In his famous " See also:Nicholson See also:letter " of See also:December 1847 he made what was probably the earliest enunciation of the See also:doctrine of " popular See also:sovereignty," namely, that the people of the territories should decide for themselves whether or not they should have See also:slavery.
In 1848 he received the Democratic nomination for the presidency, but owing to the defection of the so-called" Barnburners " (see See also:FREE-See also:SOIL PARTY) he did not receive the united support of his party, and was defeated by the Whig candidate, Zachary See also:- TAYLOR
- TAYLOR, ANN (1782-1866)
- TAYLOR, BAYARD (1825–1878)
- TAYLOR, BROOK (1685–1731)
- TAYLOR, ISAAC (1787-1865)
- TAYLOR, ISAAC (1829-1901)
- TAYLOR, JEREMY (1613-1667)
- TAYLOR, JOHN (158o-1653)
- TAYLOR, JOHN (1704-1766)
- TAYLOR, JOSEPH (c. 1586-c. 1653)
- TAYLOR, MICHAEL ANGELO (1757–1834)
- TAYLOR, NATHANIEL WILLIAM (1786-1858)
- TAYLOR, PHILIP MEADOWS (1808–1876)
- TAYLOR, ROWLAND (d. 1555)
- TAYLOR, SIR HENRY (1800-1886)
- TAYLOR, THOMAS (1758-1835)
- TAYLOR, TOM (1817-1880)
- TAYLOR, WILLIAM (1765-1836)
- TAYLOR, ZACHARY (1784-1850)
Taylor. His name was again prominent before the Democratic See also:convention of 1852, which, however, finally nominated See also:Franklin See also:Pierce. On See also:account of his eminently conservative attitude on all questions concerning slavery, General Cass has been accused of pandering to the See also:southern Democrats in See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order to further his See also:political aspirations. His ideas of popular sovereignty, however, were not inconsistent with the vigorous Democratic spirit of the See also:west, of which he was a typical representative, and it is not clear that he believed that the application of this principle would result in the See also:extension of slavery. As the west became more radically opposed to slavery after the troubles in Kansas, Cass was soon out' of sympathy with his See also:section, and when the Republicans secured control of the legislature in 1857 they refused to return him to the Senate. President See also:Buchanan soon afterward made him secretary of state, and in this position he at last had the See also:satisfaction of obtaining from the British government an See also:acknowledgment of the correctness of the American attitude with regard to the right of search (or " visitation," as Great Britain euphemistically termed it). In December 186o he retired from the cabinet when the president refused to take a firmer attitude against See also:secession by reinforcing Fort See also:Sumter, and he remained in retirement until his See also:death at Detroit, Michigan, on the 17th of See also:June 1866. He wrote for the See also:North American and the American Quarterly Reviews, and published Inquiries Concerning the See also:History, Traditions and See also:Languages of Indians Living Within the United States (1823), and France: Its See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
King, See also:Court and Government (1840).
See W. T. See also:Young, See also:Life and Public' Services of General Lewis Cass (Detroit, 1852) ; W. L. G. See also:- SMITH
- SMITH, ADAM (1723–1790)
- SMITH, ALEXANDER (183o-1867)
- SMITH, ANDREW JACKSON (1815-1897)
- SMITH, CHARLES EMORY (1842–1908)
- SMITH, CHARLES FERGUSON (1807–1862)
- SMITH, CHARLOTTE (1749-1806)
- SMITH, COLVIN (1795—1875)
- SMITH, EDMUND KIRBY (1824-1893)
- SMITH, G
- SMITH, GEORGE (1789-1846)
- SMITH, GEORGE (184o-1876)
- SMITH, GEORGE ADAM (1856- )
- SMITH, GERRIT (1797–1874)
- SMITH, GOLDWIN (1823-191o)
- SMITH, HENRY BOYNTON (1815-1877)
- SMITH, HENRY JOHN STEPHEN (1826-1883)
- SMITH, HENRY PRESERVED (1847– )
- SMITH, JAMES (1775–1839)
- SMITH, JOHN (1579-1631)
- SMITH, JOHN RAPHAEL (1752–1812)
- SMITH, JOSEPH, JR
- SMITH, MORGAN LEWIS (1822–1874)
- SMITH, RICHARD BAIRD (1818-1861)
- SMITH, ROBERT (1689-1768)
- SMITH, SIR HENRY GEORGE WAKELYN
- SMITH, SIR THOMAS (1513-1577)
- SMITH, SIR WILLIAM (1813-1893)
- SMITH, SIR WILLIAM SIDNEY (1764-1840)
- SMITH, SYDNEY (1771-1845)
- SMITH, THOMAS SOUTHWOOD (1788-1861)
- SMITH, WILLIAM (1769-1839)
- SMITH, WILLIAM (c. 1730-1819)
- SMITH, WILLIAM (fl. 1596)
- SMITH, WILLIAM FARRAR (1824—1903)
- SMITH, WILLIAM HENRY (1808—1872)
- SMITH, WILLIAM HENRY (1825—1891)
- SMITH, WILLIAM ROBERTSON (1846-'894)
Smith, Life and Times of Lewis Cass
456
(New See also:York, 1856). The best See also:biography is by A. G. McLaughlin, Lewis Cass (revised edition, See also:Boston, 1899), in the " American Statesmen " See also:series.
End of Article: CASS, LEWIS (1782–1866)
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