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SMITH, GEORGE (1789-1846)

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Originally appearing in Volume V25, Page 261 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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SMITH, See also:GEORGE (1789-1846) , See also:British publisher, founder of the See also:firm of Smith, See also:Elder & Co., was See also:born in See also:Scotland in 1789. From See also:Elgin, where he was apprenticed to a bookseller, he migrated to See also:London, where he found employment first with Rivingtons, and afterwards with See also:John See also:Murray. In 18x6 Smith and another See also:Scot, See also:Alexander Elder, began business at 158 Fenchurch See also:Street as booksellers and stationers; and in 1819 they became publishers also. It was here that GEORGE SMITH (2) (1824—1901), the most famous member of the firm, was born on the 19th of, See also:March 1824; and in the same See also:year the business was removed to 65 Cornhill. At the See also:age of fourteen George Smith (2) came into the business, and in 1843 he took over the See also:control of the See also:publishing See also:department. On his See also:father's See also:death in 1846 the responsibility of the business devolved principally upon him, and under his management it increased thirteen times in twenty years. A large portion of the business was connected with See also:foreign agencies and banking, especially with See also:India, but this was relinquished in 1868 to his partner See also:Henry S. See also:King, who now separated from the firm, retaining the old premises at Cornhill, while Smith removed the publishing business, now under his See also:sole control, to 15 See also:Waterloo See also:Place. For over See also:thirty years Smith was the friend and publisher of See also:Ruskin, and it was with him that Jane See also:Eyre found a publisher. In 18K5 was started the Overland See also:Mail, a weekly periodical for See also:Indian readers, and the Homeward Mail, containing Indian See also:news for See also:English readers. By Smith, Elder & Co. were issued See also:works by See also:Darwin, Ruskin, See also:Thackeray, See also:Robert and Mrs See also:Browning, See also:Wilkie See also:Collins, See also:Matthew See also:Arnold, See also:Miss See also:Martineau, See also:James See also:Payn and Mrs See also:Humphry See also:Ward. In 1866 was published See also:Trollope's Last See also:Chronicles of Barset, for which £3000 was paid.

In See also:

January 186o the first of George Smith's three See also:great undertakings . was begun, the Cornhill See also:Magazine being issued in that See also:month under the editorship of Thackeray. The second venture was the See also:founding in 1865 of the See also:Pall Mall See also:Gazette (see See also:NEWSPAPERS). The third and most important was the publication of the See also:Dictionary of See also:National See also:Biography, the first See also:volume of which was issued in 1882; it was completed in 1901, in 66 volumes; and this monumental See also:work was the crowning effort of a successful career. Smith was a See also:rich See also:man, not only from his publishing business, but on See also:account of his large ownership in. the See also:mineral See also:water See also:Apollinaris and other ventures. His second son, Alexander Murray Smith, joined the firm in 189o, and with him was associated in 1894 his See also:brother-in-See also:law Reginald J. Smith, who in 1899 became acting partner. George Smith himself died at Byfleet, near See also:Weybridge, on the 6th of See also:April 19oI. See the memoir (1901) of George Smith (2) prefixed to vol. .i. of the supplement to the Dictionary of National Biography; reminiscences contributed to the Cornhill Magazine (Nov. 1900-Feb. 1901) by George Smith; an See also:article by See also:Sir See also:Leslie See also:Stephen in the same magazine (May 19o1); and the See also:special number of the Cornhill in January 191o, published on its 50th anniversary.

End of Article: SMITH, GEORGE (1789-1846)

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