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SMITH, GEORGE (184o-1876)

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Originally appearing in Volume V25, Page 261 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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SMITH, See also:GEORGE (184o-1876) , See also:English Assyriologist, was See also:born on the 26th of See also:March 184o at See also:Chelsea, See also:London. His See also:father was a working See also:man, and at fourteen the boy was apprenticed to Messrs Bradbury and See also:Evans to learn See also:bank-See also:note See also:engraving. He had already shown a keen See also:interest in the explorations of See also:Layard and See also:Rawlinson, and during the next few years he devoted all his spare See also:time to studying the See also:cuneiform See also:inscriptions at the See also:British Museum. His earnestness attracted the See also:attention of See also:Sir See also:Henry Rawlinson, who permitted him the use of his See also:room at the museum and placed the many casts and squeezes of the inscriptions at his disposal. Smith was thus enabled to make his first See also:discovery (the date of the See also:payment of the See also:tribute by See also:Jehu to Shalmanezer). and Sir Henry suggested to the trustees of the Museum that he should be associated with himself in the preparation of the third See also:volume of Cuneiform Inscriptions of Western See also:Asia. Accordingly, in 1867, Smith was appointed assistant in the Assyriology See also:department, and the earliest of his successes was the discovery of two inscriptions, one fixing the date of the See also:total See also:eclipse of the See also:sun in the See also:month Sivan in May 763 B.C., and the other the date of an invasion of Babylonia by the Elamites in 2280 B.C. In 1871 he published See also:Annals of See also:Assur-bani-See also:pal, transliterated and translated, and communicated to the newly-founded Society of Biblical See also:Archaeology a See also:paper on " The See also:Early See also:History of Babylonia," and an See also:account of his decipherment of the Cypriote inscriptions. In 1872 Smith achieved See also:world-wide fame by his See also:translation of the Chaldaean account of the See also:Deluge, which was read before the Society of Biblical Archaeology on the 3rd of See also:December. In the following See also:January Sir See also:Edwin See also:Arnold, the editor of the Daily See also:Telegraph, arranged with Smith that he should go to See also:Nineveh at the expense of that See also:journal, and carry out excavations with a view to finding the missing fragments of the Deluge See also:story. This See also:journey resulted not only in the discovery of the missing tablets, but of fragments which recorded the See also:succession and duration of the Babylonian dynasties. In 1874 Smith again See also:left See also:England for Nineveh, this time at the expense of the Museum, and continued his excavations at Kouyunjik. An account of his See also:work is given in See also:Assyrian Discoveries, published early in 1875.

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rest of the See also:year was spent in fixing together and translating the fragments See also:relating to the Creation, the results of which work were embodied in The Chaldaean Account of See also:Genesis. In. March 1876 the trustees of the British Museum despatched Smith once more to excavate the rest of Assur-banipal's library. At Ikisji, a small See also:village about 6o m. N.E. of See also:Aleppo, he was prostrated by See also:fever, and finally died at Aleppo on the 19th of See also:August. He left a wife and See also:children, on whose behalf a public subscription was made.

End of Article: SMITH, GEORGE (184o-1876)

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