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See also:RAWLINSON, See also:SIR See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
HENRY CRESWICKE (1810—1895) , See also:English soldier and orientalist, was See also:born at Chadlington, See also:- OXFORD
- OXFORD, EARLS OF
- OXFORD, EDWARD DE VERE, 17TH EARL
- OXFORD, JOHN DE VERE, 13TH EARL OF (1443-1513)
- OXFORD, PROVISIONS OF
- OXFORD, ROBERT DE VERE, 9TH EARL OF (1362-1392)
- OXFORD, ROBERT HARLEY, 1ST
Oxford-See also:shire, on the lrth of See also:April 181o. In 1827 he went to See also:India as See also:cadet under the See also:East India See also:Company; and after six years' See also:life with his See also:regiment as subaltern, during which See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time he had become proficient in the See also:Persian See also:language, he was sent to See also:Persia in company with some other English See also:officers to See also:drill and reorganize the Shah's troops. It was at this time that he was first attracted to the study of See also:inscriptions, more particularly those in the hitherto undeciphered See also:cuneiform See also:character. In the course of the two years during which he was in its immediate neighbourhood he transcribed as much as he was able of the See also:great cuneiform inscription at See also:Behistun (q.v.); but the See also:friction between the Persian See also:court and the See also:British See also:government ended in the departure of the British officers.
He was appointed See also:political See also:agent at See also:Kandahar in 184o. In that capacity he served for three years, his political labours being as meritorious as was his gallantry during various engagements in the course of the Afghan See also:War; for these he was rewarded by the distinction of C.B. in 1844. A fortunate See also:chance, by which
he became personally known to the See also:governor-See also:general, led to his being appointed, at his own See also:desire, as political agent in See also:Turkish See also:Arabia; thus he was enabled to See also:settle in See also:Bagdad, where he devoted much time to the cuneiform studies which attracted him. He was now able, under considerable difficulties and with no small See also:personal See also:risk, to make a See also:complete transcript of the Behistun inscription, which he was also successful in deciphering and interpreting. Having collected a large amount of invaluable See also:information on this and kindred topics, in addition to much See also:geographical knowledge gained in the See also:prosecution of various explorations (including visits with See also:Layard to the ruins of See also:Nineveh), he returned to See also:England on leave of See also:absence in 1849. He remained at See also:home for two years, published in 1851 his memoir on the Behistun inscription, and was promoted to the See also:rank of See also:lieutenant-See also:colonel. He disposed of his valuable collection of Babylonian, Sabaean, and See also:Sassanian antiquities to the trustees of the British Museum, who also made him a consider-able See also:- GRANT (from A.-Fr. graunter, O. Fr. greanter for creanter, popular Lat. creantare, for credentare, to entrust, Lat. credere, to believe, trust)
- GRANT, ANNE (1755-1838)
- GRANT, CHARLES (1746-1823)
- GRANT, GEORGE MONRO (1835–1902)
- GRANT, JAMES (1822–1887)
- GRANT, JAMES AUGUSTUS (1827–1892)
- GRANT, ROBERT (1814-1892)
- GRANT, SIR ALEXANDER
- GRANT, SIR FRANCIS (1803-1878)
- GRANT, SIR JAMES HOPE (1808–1895)
- GRANT, SIR PATRICK (1804-1895)
- GRANT, U
- GRANT, ULYSSES SIMPSON (1822-1885)
grant to enable him to carry on the See also:Assyrian and Babylonian excavations initiated by Layard. In 1851 he returned to Bagdad. The excavations were carried on under his direction with valuable results, among the most important being the See also:discovery of material that greatly contributed to the final decipherment and See also:- INTERPRETATION (from Lat. interpretari, to expound, explain, inter pres, an agent, go-between, interpreter; inter, between, and the root pret-, possibly connected with that seen either in Greek 4 p4'ew, to speak, or irpa-rrecv, to do)
interpretation of the cuneiform character. An See also:accident with which he met in 1855 hastened his determination to return to England, and in that See also:year he resigned his See also:post in the East India Company. On his return to England the distinction of K.C.B. was conferred upon him, and he was appointed a See also:crown director of the East India Company. The remaining See also:forty years of his life were full of activity—political, See also:diplomatic, and scientific—and were mainly spent in See also:London. In 1858 he was appointed a member of the first India See also:Council, but resigned in 1859 on being sent to Persia as See also:envoy extra-See also:ordinary and See also:minister plenipotentiary. The latter post he held only for a year, owing to his dissatisfaction with circumstances connected with his See also:official position there. Previously he had sat in See also:Parliament as M.P. for See also:Reigate from See also:February to See also:September 1858; he sat again as M.P. for See also:Frome, 1865-68. He was appointed to the Council of India again in 1868, and continued to serve upon it until his See also:death. He was a strong See also:advocate of the forward policy in See also:Afghanistan, and counselled the retention of Kandahar. His views were more particularly expressed in England and See also:Russia in the East, 1875. He was a trustee of the British Museum from 1876 till his death. He was created G.C.B. in 1889, and a See also:Baronet in 1891; was See also:president of the Geographical Society from 1874 to 1875, and of the See also:Asiatic Society from 1878 to 1881; and received honorary degrees at Oxford, See also:Cambridge, and See also:Edinburgh. He married, in September 1862, Louisa See also:Caroline See also:Harcourt See also:Seymour, who See also:bore him two sons and died in 1889. He died in London on the 5th of See also:March 1895. His published See also:works include (apart from See also:minor contributions to the publications of learned See also:societies) four volumes of cuneiform inscriptions, published under his direction between 1870 and 1884 by the trustees of the British Museum; The Persian Cuneiform Inscription at Behistun, 1846-51, and Outline of the See also:History of See also:Assyria, 1852, both re-printed from the Asiatic Society's See also:journals; A Commentary on the Cuneiform Inscriptions of See also:Babylon and Assyria, 1850; Notes on the See also:Early History of Babylonia, 1854; England and Russia in the East, 1875. He contributed to the See also:Encyclopaedia Britannica (9th edition) the articles on Bagdad, the See also:Euphrates and See also:Kurdistan, and several other articles dealing with the East; and assisted in editing a See also:translation of See also:Herodotus by his See also:brother, See also:Canon See also:George Rawlinson.
See G. Rawlinson, Memoir of Henry Creswicke Rawlinson (1898).
End of Article: RAWLINSON, SIR HENRY CRESWICKE (1810—1895)
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