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REIGATE

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Originally appearing in Volume V23, Page 53 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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REIGATE , a See also:

market See also:town and municipal See also:borough in the Reigate See also:parliamentary See also:division of See also:Surrey, See also:England, 24 M. S. by W. of See also:London by the See also:South-Eastern & See also:Chatham See also:rail-way. Pop. (1901) 25,993. It is situated at the See also:head of the See also:long valley of Holmsdale Hollow, beneath the See also:North See also:Downs. A very See also:fine prospect over a See also:great See also:part of Surrey and See also:Sussex, and extending to See also:Hampshire and See also:Kent, is obtained from the neighbouring . Reigate See also:Hill. Of the old See also:castle, supposed to have been built before the See also:Conquest to command the pass through the valley, there only remains the entrance to a See also:cave beneath, 150 ft. long and from to to 12 ft. high, excavated in the See also:sandstone, which was used as a guardroom. The grounds are laid out as a public See also:garden. Near the market See also:house is the site of an See also:ancient See also:chapel dedicated to See also:Thomas a See also:Becket. In the See also:chancel of the See also:parish See also:church of St See also:Mary, a See also:building ranging from Transitional See also:Norman to Perpendicular, is buried See also:Lord See also:Howard, the See also:commander of the See also:English See also:navy against the See also:Spanish See also:Armada. Above the See also:vestry there is a library containing choice See also:manuscripts and rare books.

The See also:

grammar school was founded in 1675. Among the other public buildings are the town See also:hall, the public hall, the market hall, and the working men's See also:institute. The borough includes the township of Red-hill, adjacent on the See also:east. The town has some agricultural See also:trade, and in the neighbourhood are quarries for freestone, hearthstone and See also:white See also:sand. The borough is under a See also:mayor, 6 aldermen and 18 councillors. See also:Area, 5994 acres. Reigate (Cherchefelle, See also:Regal, Reygate) owed its first See also:settlement to its situation at a See also:cross-road on the See also:Pilgrim's Way, at the See also:foot of the North Downs; and its See also:early importance to the castle which was the stronghold of the De Warennes in the 12th, 13th and 14th centuries. On the See also:death of Edith, the widow of See also:Edward the See also:Confessor, to whom it belonged, See also:William I. secured the See also:manor of Cherchefelle, as it was then called. It was granted by William See also:Rufus to See also:Earl See also:Warenne, through whose See also:family it passed in 1347 to the earls of See also:Arundel. The name Reigate occurs in 1199. Burgesses of Reigate are mentioned in a See also:close See also:roll of 1348, but no early See also:charter is known. The town was incorporated in 1863.

It returned two members to See also:

parliament from 1295 till 1831, and afterwards one member only until 1867, when it was disfranchised for corruption. In the reign of Edward I. Earl Warenne held a weekly market on Saturdays, and fairs on Tuesday in Whitsun-See also:week, the See also:eve and See also:day of St See also:Lawrence, and the eve and day of the Exaltation of the Cross, by prescriptive right. Edward II. granted a market on Tuesdays, which is still held. The See also:fair days are now Whit-Tuesday and the 9th of See also:December.

End of Article: REIGATE

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REID, WHITELAW (1837- )
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