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LAWRENCE, STRINGER (1697–1775)

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Originally appearing in Volume V16, Page 308 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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LAWRENCE, STRINGER (1697–1775) , See also:English soldier, was See also:born at See also:Hereford on the 6th of See also:March 1697. He seems to have entered the See also:army in 1727 and served in See also:Gibraltar and See also:Flanders, subsequently taking See also:part in the See also:battle of See also:Culloden. In 1748, with the See also:rank of See also:major and the reputation of an experienced soldier, he went out to See also:India to command the See also:East India See also:Company's troops. See also:Dupleix's schemes for the See also:French See also:conquest of See also:southern India were on the point of taking effect, and not See also:long after his arrival at Fort St See also:David, Stringer Lawrence was actively engaged. He successfully foiled an attempted French surprise at See also:Cuddalore, but subsequently was captured by a French See also:cavalry See also:patrol at Ariancopang near See also:Pondicherry and kept prisoner till the See also:peace of See also:Aix-la-Chapelle. In 1749 he was in command at the See also:capture of Devicota. On this occasion See also:Clive served under him and a See also:life-long friendship began. On one occasion, when Clive had become famous, he honoured the creator of the See also:Indian army by refusing to accept a See also:sword of See also:honour unless one was voted to Lawrence also. In 1750 Lawrence returned to See also:England, but in 1752 he was back in India. Here he found Clive in command of a force intended for the See also:relief of See also:Trichinopoly. As See also:senior officer Lawrence took over the command, but was careful to allow Clive every See also:credit for his See also:share in the subsequent operations, which included the relief of Trichinopoly and the surrender of the entire French besieging force. In 1752 with an inferior force he defeated the French at Bahur (Behoor) and in 1753 again relieved Trichinopoly.

For the next seventeen months he fought a See also:

series of actions in See also:defence of this See also:place, finally arranging a three months' See also:armistice, which was afterwards converted into a conditional treaty. He had commanded in See also:chief up to the arrival of the first detachment of See also:regular forces of the See also:crown. In 1757 he served in the operations against See also:Wandiwash, and in 1758–1759 was in command of Fort St See also:George during the See also:siege by the French under See also:Lally. In 1759 failing See also:health compelled him to return to England. He resumed his command in 1761 as major-See also:general and See also:commander-in-chief. Clive supplemented his old friend's inconsiderable income by settling on him an See also:annuity of 500 a See also:year. In 1765 he presided over the See also:board charged with arranging the reorganization of the See also:Madras army, and he finally retired the following year. He died in See also:London on the loth of See also:January 1775. The East India Company erected a See also:monument to his memory in See also:Westminster See also:Abbey. See Biddulph, Stringer Lawrence (1901).

End of Article: LAWRENCE, STRINGER (1697–1775)

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