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LAWRENCE, AMOS (1786—1852)

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Originally appearing in Volume V16, Page 305 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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LAWRENCE, See also:AMOS (1786—1852) , See also:American See also:merchant and philanthropist, was See also:born in Groton See also:Massachusetts, U.S.A., on the 22nd of See also:April 1786, a descendant of See also:John Lawrence of Wisset, See also:Suffolk, See also:England, who was one of the first settlers of Groton. Leaving Groton See also:academy (founded by his See also:father, See also:Samuel Lawrence, and others) in 1799, he became a clerk in a See also:country See also:store in Groton, whence after his See also:apprenticeship he went, with $20 in his See also:pocket, to See also:Boston and there set up in business for himself in See also:December 1807. In the next See also:year he took into his employ his See also:brother, See also:Abbott (see below), whom he made his partner in 1814, the See also:firm name being at first A. &;A. Lawrence, and afterwards A. & A. Lawrence & Co. In 1831 when his See also:health failed, Amos Lawrence retired from active business, and Abbott Lawrence was thereafter the See also:head of the firm. The firm became the greatest American See also:mercantile See also:house of the See also:day, was successful even in the hard times of 1812—1815, after, wards engaged particularly in selling woollen and See also:cotton goods on See also:commission, and did much for the See also:establishment of the cotton textile See also:industry in New England: in 183o by coming to the aid of the financially distressed See also:mills of See also:Lowell, Massachusetts, where in that year the Suffolk, Tremont and Lawrence companies were established, and where See also:Luther Lawrence, the eldest brother, represented the firm's interests; and in 1845—1847 by establishing and See also:building up Lawrence, Massachusetts, named in See also:honour of Abbott Lawrence, who was a director of the See also:Essex See also:company, which controlled the See also:water See also:power of Lawrence, and afterwards was See also:president of the See also:Atlantic Cotton Mills and Pacific Mills there. In 1842 Amos Lawrence decided not to allow his See also:property to increase any further, and in the last eleven years of his See also:life he spent in charity at least $525,000, a large sum. Year. Ladies' and Gentlemen's Doubles.

1894 E. P. See also:

Fischer and See also:Miss J. P. See also:Atkinson Miss J. P. Atkinson Miss J. P, Atkinson Miss Laura Henson Miss Carrie Neely Miss Edith Rastall Miss M. Hunnewell Miss See also:Marion See also:Jones Miss E. H. See also:Moore Miss See also:Chapman Miss E. H.

Moore Mrs See also:

Clarence See also:Hobart Miss See also:Coffin Miss Sayres Miss E. Rotch Miss H. Hotchkiss Miss H. Hotchkiss 1895 E. P. Fischer 1896 E. P. Fischer 1897 D. L. Magruder 1898 E. P. Fischer 1899 A.

L. See also:

Hoskins 1900 See also:Alfred Codman 1901 R. D. Little 1902 W. C. See also:Grant 1903 Harry See also:Allen 1904 W. C. Grant 1905 Clarence Hobart 1906 E. B. Dewhurst 1907 W. F. See also:Johnson 1908 N.

W. See also:

Niles 1909 W. F. Johnson 1910 J. R. See also:Carpenter in those days. He gave to See also:Williams See also:college, to See also:Bowdoin college, to the See also:Bangor theological See also:seminary, to See also:Wabash college, to See also:Kenyon college and to Groton academy, which was re-named Lawrence academy in honour of the See also:family, and especially in recognition of the gifts of See also:William Lawrence, Amos's brother; to the Boston See also:children's infirmary, which he established, and ($1o,000) to the Bunker See also:Hill See also:monument fund; and, besides, he gave to many See also:good causes on a smaller See also:scale, taking especial delight in giving books, occasionally from a bundle of books in his See also:sleigh or See also:carriage as he drove. He died in Boston on the 31st of December 1852. See Extracts from the See also:Diary and See also:Correspondence of the See also:late Amos Lawrence, with a Brief See also:Account of Some Incidents in his Life (Boston, 1856), edited by his son William R. Lawrence. His brother, ABBOTT LAWRENCE (1792–1855), was born in Groton, Massachusetts, on the 16th of December 1792. Besides being a partner in the firm established by his brother, and See also:long its head, he promoted various New England See also:railways, notably the Boston & See also:Albany.

He was a Whig representative in See also:

Congress in 1835–1837 and in 1839–184o (resigning in See also:September 184o because of See also:ill-health); and in 1842 was one of the commissioners for Massachusetts, who with commissioners from See also:Maine and with See also:Daniel See also:Webster, secretary of See also:state and plenipotentiary of the See also:United States, settled with See also:Lord See also:Ashburton, the See also:British plenipotentiary, the question of the See also:north-eastern boundary. In 1842 he was presiding officer in the Massachusetts Whig See also:convention; he See also:broke with President See also:Tyler, tacitly rebuked Daniel Webster for remaining in Tyler's See also:cabinet after his colleagues had resigned, and recommended See also:Henry See also:Clay and John See also:Davis as the nominees of the Whig party in 1844—an See also:action that aroused Webster to make his famous Faneuil See also:Hall address. In 1848 Lawrence was a prominent See also:candidate for the Whig nomination for the See also:vice-See also:presidency, but was defeated by Webster's followers. He refused the portfolios of the See also:navy and of the interior in President See also:Taylor's cabinet, and in 1849–1852 was United States See also:minister to See also:Great See also:Britain, where he was greatly aided by his See also:wealth and his generous hospitality. He was an ardent protectionist, and represented Massachusetts at the See also:Harrisburg convention in 1827. He died in Boston on the 18th of See also:August 1855, leaving as his greatest memorial the Lawrence scientific school of Harvard university, which he had established by a See also:gift of $so,000 in 1847 and to which he bequeathed another $50,000; in 1907–1908 this school was practically abolished as a distinct See also:department of the university. He made large gifts to the Boston public library, and he See also:left $50,000 for the erection of See also:model lodging-houses, thus carrying on the See also:work of an Association for building model lodging-houses for the poor, organized in Boston in 18J7. See See also:Hamilton A. Hill, Memoir of Abbott Lawrence (Boston, 1884). See also:Randolph Anders' Der Weg zum See also:Gluck, See also:oder See also:die Kunst Millionar zu See also:werden (See also:Berlin, 1856) is 'a pretended See also:translation of moral See also:maxims from a supposititious See also:manuscript bequeathed to Abbott Lawrence by a See also:rich See also:uncle.

End of Article: LAWRENCE, AMOS (1786—1852)

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