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HARRISBURG

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Originally appearing in Volume V13, Page 21 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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HARRISBURG , the See also:

capital of See also:Pennsylvania, U.S.A., and the See also:county-seat of Dauphin county, on the E. See also:bank of the Susquehanna See also:river, about 105 M. W. by N. of See also:Philadelphia. Pop. (1890), 39,385; (1900), 50,167, of whom 2493 were See also:foreign-See also:born and 4107 were negroes; (1910 See also:census) 64,186. It is served by the Pennsylvania, the Philadelphia & See also:Reading, the See also:Northern Central and the See also:Cumberland Valley See also:railways; and the Pennsylvania See also:canal gives it See also:water communication with the ocean. The river here is a mile wide, and is ordinarily very shallow and dotted with islets, but rises from 4 to 6 ft. after a moderate See also:rain; it is spanned by several See also:bridges. The See also:city lies for the most See also:part on the E. slope of a See also:hill extending from the river bank, several feet in height, across the Pennsylvania canal to See also:Paxton See also:Creek. Front See also:Street, along the river, is part of a parkway connecting the See also:park See also:system with which the city is encircled. Overlooking it are the finest residences, among them the See also:governor's See also:mansion. See also:State Street, 120 ft. in width, runs at right angles with Front Street through the business centre of the city, being interrupted by the Capitol Park (about 16 acres). The Capitol,' dedicated in 1906, was erected to re-See also:place one burned in 1897; it is a See also:fine See also:building, with a See also:dome modelled after St See also:Peter's at See also:Rome. At the See also:main entrance are See also:bronze doors, decorated in See also:relief with scenes from the state's See also:history; the See also:floor of the rotunda is of tiles made at Doylestown, in the See also:style of the pottery made by See also:early Moravian settlers, and illustrating the state's resources; the See also:Senate Chamber and the See also:House Chamber have stained-See also:glass windows by W.

B. See also:

van Ingen and mural paintings by See also:Edwin A. See also:Abbey, who painted a See also:series, " The Development of the See also:Law," for the Supreme See also:Court See also:room in the eastern wing and decorated the rotunda. The mural decorations of the See also:south See also:corridor, by W. B. van Ingen, portray the state's religious sects; those in the See also:north corridor, by See also:John W. See also:Alexander, represent the changes in the See also:physical and material See also:character of the state; and there is a See also:frieze by See also:Miss See also:Violet Oakley, " The See also:Founding of the State of See also:Liberty Spiritual," in the governor's: reception room. Two heroic See also:groups of statuary for the building were designed by See also:George See also:Grey See also:Barnard. The state library in the Capitol contains about 15o,000 volumes. In the same park is also a See also:monument 105 ft. high erected in and completed a course of medical studies at the university of See also:Edinburgh, after which he established himself as a See also:general medical practitioner in See also:Plymouth. On his See also:marriage in 1824 he resolved to abandon his profession on See also:account of its duties interfering too much with his favourite study of See also:electricity. As early as 182o he had invented a new method of arranging the See also:lightning conductors of See also:ships, the peculiarity of which was that the See also:metal was permanently fixed in the masts and extended throughout the See also:hull; but it was only with See also:great difficulty, and not till nearly See also:thirty years afterwards, that his invention was adopted by the See also:government for the royal See also:navy. In 1826 he read a See also:paper before the Royal Society " On the Relative See also:Powers of various Metallic Substances as Conductors of Electricity," which led to his being elected a See also:fellow of the society in 1831. Subsequently, in 1834, 1836 and 1839, he read before the society several valuable papers on the elementary See also:laws of electricity, and he also communicated to the Royal Society of Edinburgh various interesting accounts of his experiments and discoveries in the same See also:field of inquiry.

In 1835 he received the See also:

Copley See also:gold See also:medal from the Royal Society for his papers on the laws of electricity of high tension, and in 1839 he was chosen to deliver the Bakerian lecture. Meanwhile, although a government See also:commission had recommended the general See also:adoption of his conductors in the royal navy, and the government had granted him an See also:annuity of I300 "in See also:consideration of services in the cultivation of See also:science," the See also:naval authorities continued to offer various objections to his invention; to aid in removing these he in 1843 published his See also:work on Thunderstorms, and also about the same See also:time contributed a number of papers to the Nautical See also:Magazine illustrative of damage by lightning. His system wa3 actually adopted in the See also:Russian navy before he succeeded in removing the prejudices against it in See also:England, and in 1845 the See also:emperor of See also:Russia, in See also:acknowledgment of his services, presented him with a valuable See also:ring and See also:vase. At length, the efficiency of his system being acknowledged, he received in 1847 the See also:honour of See also:knighthood, and subsequently a See also:grant of l5000. After succeeding in introducing his invention into general use See also:Harris resumed his labours in the field of See also:original See also:research, but as he failed to realize the advances that had been made by the new school of science his application resulted in no discoveries of much value. His manuals of Electricity, Galvanism and See also:Magnetism, published between 1848 and 1856, were, however, written with great clearness, and passed through several See also:editions. He died at Plymouth on the 22nd of See also:January 1867, while having in preparation a See also:Treatise on Frictional Electricity, which was published posthumously in the same See also:year, with a memoir of the author by See also:Charles Tomlinson.

End of Article: HARRISBURG

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