Online Encyclopedia

Search over 40,000 articles from the original, classic Encyclopedia Britannica, 11th Edition.

LAWRENCE

Online Encyclopedia
Originally appearing in Volume V16, Page 309 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
Spread the word: del.icio.us del.icio.us it!

LAWRENCE , a See also:

city, and one of the three See also:county-seats (See also:Salem and See also:Newbury-See also:port are the others) of See also:Essex county, See also:Massachusetts, U.S.A., on both sides of the See also:Merrimac See also:river, about 30 M. from its mouth and about 26 m. N.N.W. of See also:Boston. Pop. (1890) 44,654, (1900) 62,559, of whom 28,577 were See also:foreign-See also:born (7058 being Irish, 6999 See also:French Canadians, 5131 See also:English, 2465 See also:German, 1683 English See also:Canadian), and (1910 See also:census) 85,892. It is served by the Boston & See also:Maine railroad and by electric See also:railways to See also:Andover, Boston, See also:Lowell, See also:Haverhill and Salem, Massachusetts, and to See also:Nashua and Salem, New See also:Hampshire. The city's See also:area of 6.54 sq. m. is about equally divided by the Merrimac, which is here crossed by a See also:great See also:stone See also:dam goo ft. See also:long, and, with a fall of 28ft., supplies about 12,000 See also:horse-See also:power. See also:Water from the river is carried to factories by a See also:canal on each See also:side of the river and parallel to it; the first canal was built on the See also:north side in 1845—1847 and is 1 m. long; the canal on the See also:south side is about ;m. long, and was built several years later. There are large and well-kept public parks, a See also:common (17 acres) with a soldiers' See also:monument, a See also:free public library, with more than 50,000 volumes in 1907, a city See also:hall, county and municipal See also:court-houses, a county See also:gaol and See also:house of correction, a county See also:industrial school and a See also:state armoury. The value of the city's factory product was $48,036,593 in 1905, $41,741,980 in 1900. The manufacture of textiles is the most important See also:industry; in 1905 the city produced worsteds valued at $30,926,964 and See also:cotton goods See also:worth $5,745,611,the worsted product being greater than that of any other See also:American city. The See also:Wood worsted See also:mill here is said to be the largest single mill in the See also:world. The See also:history of Lawrence is largely the history of its textile See also:mills.

The See also:

town was formed in 1845 from parts of Andover (S. of the Merrimac) and of See also:Methuen (N. of the river), and it was incorporated as a town in 1847, being named in See also:honour of See also:Abbott Lawrence, a director of the Essex See also:company, organized in 1845 (on the same See also:day as the formation of the town) for the See also:control of the water power and for the construction of the great dam across the Merrimac. The See also:Bay State woollen mills, which in 1858 became the See also:Washington mills, and the See also:Atlantic cotton mills were both chartered in 1846. The Pacific mills (1853) introduced from See also:England in 1854 See also:Lister combs for worsted manufacture; and the Washington mills soon afterward began to make worsted See also:dress goods. Worsted cloths for men's See also:wear seem to have been made first about 1870 at nearly the same See also:time in the Washington mills here, in the Hockanum mills of See also:Rockville, See also:Connecticut, and in Wanskuck mills, See also:Providence, Rhode See also:Island. The Pemberton mills, built in 1853, collapsed and after-wards took See also:fire on the loth of See also:January 186o; go were killed and hundreds severely injured. Lawrence was chartered as a city in 1853, and annexed a small See also:part of Methuen in 1854 and parts of Andover and North Andover in 1879. See H. A. Wadsworth, History of Lawrence, Massachusetts (Lawrence, 188o).

End of Article: LAWRENCE

Additional information and Comments

There are no comments yet for this article.
» Add information or comments to this article.
Please link directly to this article:
Highlight the code below, right click, and select "copy." Then paste it into your website, email, or other HTML.
Site content, images, and layout Copyright © 2006 - Net Industries, worldwide.
Do not copy, download, transfer, or otherwise replicate the site content in whole or in part.

Links to articles and home page are always encouraged.

[back]
LAWN
[next]
LAWRENCE (LAURENTIUS, LORENZO), ST