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BOWDOIN, JAMES (1726—1790)

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Originally appearing in Volume V04, Page 342 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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BOWDOIN, See also:JAMES (1726—1790) , See also:American See also:political See also:leader, was See also:born of See also:French Huguenot descent, in See also:Boston, See also:Massachusetts, on the 7th of See also:August 1726. He graduated at Harvard in 1745, and was a member of the See also:lower See also:house of the See also:general See also:court of Massachusetts in 1753—1756, and from 1757 to 1774 of the Massachusetts See also:council, in which, according to See also:Governor See also:Thomas See also:Hutchinson, he " was without a See also:rival," and, on the approach of the See also:War of See also:Independence, was " the See also:principal supporter of the' opposition to the See also:government." From August 1775 until the summer of 1777 he was the See also:president of the council, which had then become to a greater extent than formerly an executive as well as a legislative See also:body. In 1779—1780 he was president of the constitutional See also:convention of Massachusetts, also serving as chairman of the See also:committee by which the draft of the constitution was prepared. Immediately afterward he was a member of a See also:commission appointed " to revise the See also:laws in force in the See also:state; to select, abridge, alter and See also:digest them, so as to be accommodated to the See also:present government." From 1785 to 1787 he was governor of Massachusetts, suppressing with much vigour See also:Shays' See also:Rebellion, and failing to be re-elected largely because it was believed that he would punish the insurrectionists with more severity than would his competitor, See also:John See also:Hancock. Bowdoin was a member of the state convention which in See also:February 1788 ratified for Massachusetts the Federal Constitution, his son being also a member. He died in Boston on the 6th of See also:November 1790. He took much See also:interest in natural See also:philosophy, and presented various papers before the American See also:Academy of Arts and Sciences, of which he was one of the founders and, from 1780 to 1790, the first president. Bowdoin See also:College was named in his See also:honour. His son, JAMES BOWDOIN (1752-1811), was born in Boston on the 22nd of See also:September 1752, graduated at Harvard in 1771, and served, at various times, as a representative, senator and councillor of the state. From 1805 until 18o8 he was the See also:minister plenipotentiary of the See also:United States in See also:Spain. He died on Naushon See also:Island, See also:Dukes See also:county, Massachusetts, on the 11th of See also:October 1811. To Bowdoin College he gave See also:land, See also:money and apparatus; and he made the college his residuary legatee, bequeathing to it his collection of paintings and drawings, then considered the finest in the See also:country.

End of Article: BOWDOIN, JAMES (1726—1790)

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