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city. Wendell Phillips himself attended the public Latin school, entered Harvard College before he was sixteen, and graduated in 1831 in the same class with the historian John Lothrop See also:

Motley. He graduated at the Harvard See also:

law school in 1834, and was admitted to the See also:

bar in Boston. He soon came under the influence of the See also:

ANTI, or CAMPA

anti-See also:

SLAVERY

slavery See also:

MOVEMENT

movement, witnessing in 1835 the mobbing, in Boston, of See also:

William See also:

Lloyd See also:

Garrison. On the 8th of See also:

DECEMBER (Lat. decent, ten)

December 1837 a See also:

MEETING (from " to meet," to come together, assemble, 0. Eng. metals ; cf. Du. moeten, Swed. mota, Goth. gamotjan, &c., derivatives of the Teut. word for a meeting, seen in O. Eng. Wit, moot, an assembly of the people; cf. witanagemot)

meeting was held at Faneuil See also:

Hall to See also:

EXPRESS (through the French from the past participle of the Lat. exprimere, to press out, by transference used of representing objects in painting or sculpture, or of thoughts, &c. in words)

express the sentiments of the See also:

PEOPLE

people on the See also:

MURDER

murder of See also:

ELIJAH (a Hebrew name meaning " Yah[weh] is God ")

Elijah P. Lovejoy, at See also:

ALTON

Alton, See also:

ILLINOIS

Illinois, for defending his See also:

PRESS (through Fr. presse from Lat. pressare, frequentative of premere, to crush, squeeze, press)

press from a See also:

pro-slavery See also:

mob. In the course of the meeting a speech was made in opposition to its See also:

general current by See also:

James T. See also:

Austin (1784–187o), See also:

ATTORNEY (from O. Fr. atorne, a person appointed to act for another, from atourner, legal Lat. attornare, attorn, literally to turn over to another or commit business to another)

attorney-general of the See also:

state, who said that Lovejoy had died " as the See also:

FOOL (O. Fr. fol, modern fou, foolish, from a Late Latin use of follis, bellows, a ball filled with air, for a stupid person, a jester, a wind-bag)

fool dieth," and compared his murderers to the men who threw the See also:

TEA (Chinese cha, Amoy dialect t€)

tea into Boston See also:

HARBOUR (from M.E. hereberge, here, an army; cf. Ger. Heer and -beorg, protection or shelter. Other early forms in English were herberwe and haiborow, as seen in various place names, such as Market Harborough.. The French auberge, an inn, derived through

harbour just before the See also:

War of See also:

Independence. The speech seemed likely to See also:

DIVIDE

divide the See also:

AUDIENCE (from Lat. audire, to hear)

audience, when Wendell Phillips took the See also:

PLATFORM (Fr. plateforme, i.e. ground plan)

platform. " When I heard," he said, " the See also:

GENTLEMAN (from Lat. gentilis, " belonging to a race or gens," and " man "; Fr. gentilhomme, Span. gentil hombre, Ital. gentil huomo, in its original and strict signification, a term denoting a man of good family, the Lat. generosus (its invariable transl

gentleman See also:

lay down principles which placed the murderers of Alton See also:

side by side with See also:

Otis and Han-See also:

COCK, EDWARD (1805-1892)

cock, with See also:

Quincy and See also:

Adams, I thought these pictured lips (pointing to their portraits) would have broken into See also:

VOICE (Fr. voix, from Lat. vox)

voice to rebuke the recreant American, the slanderer of the dead." This See also:

APPEAL

appeal not merely determined the sentiment of the meeting, it gave Wendell Phillips his first fame and determined his career. Although loving his profession, and this especially for the opening it gave in the direction of public See also:

LIFE

life, he practically stepped outside the See also:

SPHERE (Gr. vclsa?pa, a ball or globe)

sphere dearest to See also:

young Americans, and lived henceforth the life of an agitator, or, like his father, that of a " public prosecutor." Accepting unhesitatingly the leadership of Garrison, and becoming like him gradually a disunionist, he lived essentially a platform life, interested in a variety of subjects, but first and chiefly an abolitionist.

In 1865, however, after the See also:

CIVIL

Civil War, he See also:

broke with Garrison over the question of discontinuing the Anti-Slavery Society, and from that date until the society was disbanded in 1870 he, instead of Garrison, was its See also:

PRESIDENT (Fr. president, from Lat. praesidens, post-Augustan Lat. for praeses, director, ruler, from praesidere, to sit in front of, preside)

president. He was not, moreover, like his See also:

GREAT

great See also:

LEADER, BENJAMIN WILLIAMS (1831– )

leader, a non-resistant, nor was he, on the other See also:

hand, like John See also:

Brown, See also:

BORNE, KARL LUDWIG (1786–1837)

borne on by irresistible See also:

NECESSITY (Lat. necessitas)

necessity to overt See also:

ACTION

action. Nor did he find, like his See also:

FELLOW

fellow-worker, See also:

Theodore See also:

Parker, the leisure to keep up his scholarship and See also:

lead in See also:

PART

part the life of a student. See also:

Early study and travel had indeed furnished him with abundant material for rhetorical See also:

ILLUSTRATION

illustration; and he was also a great reader of See also:

NEWSPAPERS

newspapers, but he used to say that he knew in his whole life but one thing thoroughly, namely, the See also:

HISTORY

history of the See also:

ENGLISH

English Civil War, and there were few occasions when he could not draw from it the needful illustration. His See also:

style of eloquence was See also:

DIRECT

direct and brilliant, but eminently self-controlled. He often surprised his hearers by the quietness of his beginnings, and these were very often the speeches which turned out most brilliant and most irresistible ere the See also:

close. He may be said to have introduced the direct and colloquial manner upon the American public platform, as distinct from the highly elaborated and often ornate style which had been established by See also:

EDWARD

Edward See also:

Everett; nor has there ever been a reversion since his See also:

day to the more artificial method. He was capable at times, nevertheless, of highly sonorous periods with superb climaxes; yet his favourite style was the conversational. His See also:

LOGIC (Xoy1K7, sc. rixvrt, the art of reasoning)

logic, while never obtruded, was rarely at See also:

FAULT (Mid. Eng. faute, through the French, from the popular Latin use of fallere, to fail; the originallof the Latin being replaced in English in the 15th century)

fault; but he loved the flash of the See also:

RAPIER

rapier, and was never happier than when he had to See also:

FACE (from Lat. fades, derived either from facere, to make, or from a root fa-, meaning " appear "; cf. Gr. cbatvstv)

face down a mob and utterly See also:

FOIL

foil it by sheer superiority in See also:

FENCING

fencing. The two volumes of his speeches, as edited by James Redpath, were fortunately made from verbatim reports, and they wisely enclose in parentheses those indications of favour or dissent from the audience which transformed so many of his speeches into exhibitions of gladiatorial skill. He was a See also:

TRIBUNE (med. Lat. tribune, from classical Lat. tribunal)

tribune of the people, associated unflinchingly not merely with the unpopular but with the unpolished; always carrying about him not merely a certain See also:

ROMAN

Roman look, but a patrician See also:

air. After slavery had fallen Phillips associated himself freely with reformers occupied in other paths, herein separating himself from the other patrician of the movement, See also:

Edmund Quincy, who always frankly said that after slavery was abolished there was nothing else See also:

worth fighting for.

Among other things, Phillips contended, during his later years, for See also:

PROHIBITION (Lat. prohibere, to prevent)

prohibition, woman See also:

SUFFRAGE (Lat. suffragium)

suffrage and various penal and administrative reforms. He was not always the best See also:

JUDGE (Lat. judex, Fr. juge)

judge of See also:

CHARACTER (Gr. xapareri7p, from xap&crew, to scratch)

character, and was sometimes allied in these movements with men who were little more than demagogues. But the See also:

PROOF (in M. Eng. preove, proeve, preve, &°c., from O. Fr . prueve, proeve, &c., mod. preuve, Late. Lat. proba, probate, to prove, to test the goodness of anything, probus, good)

proof he gave by his See also:

TRANSFER (from Lat. transferre, to bear across, carry over)

transfer of energies that the See also:

WORK

work of reform was never quite finished—this was something of See also:

PECULIAR

peculiar value, and worth the See also:

RISK

risk of some indiscretions. The life of a reformer did not in itself make him thoroughly happy; he chafed more and more under its fatigues, and he always See also:

FELT (cognate with Ger. Filz, Du. vilt, Swed. and Dan. fill; the root is unknown; the word has given Med. Lat. filtrum, " filter ")

felt that his natural See also:

PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place would have been among senators or ambassadors; but he belonged essentially to the heroic type, and it may well have been of him that See also:

Emerson was thinking when he wrote those See also:

FINE

fine words: " What forests of See also:

LAUREL

laurel we bring and the tears of mankind to him who stands See also:

FIRM

firm against the See also:

OPINION (Lat. opinio, from opinari, to think)

opinion of his contemporaries." His domestic life was most happy, though his wife was a confirmed invalid, seldom quitting her See also:

ROOM

room. She was a woman of heroic nature and very strong convictions. Her See also:

HUSBAND

husband used to say that she first made him an abolitionist. They had no See also:

CHILDREN, LAW RELATING TO

children, but adopted an orphaned daughter of Mrs Eliza Garnaut, a friend, and this young girl (afterwards the wife of See also:

George W. Smalley), brought much See also:

LIGHT

light and joy into the See also:

HOUSEHOLD, ROYAL

household. Their worldly circumstances were easy, though they were always ready to impoverish themselves for the See also:

SAKE

sake of others. Wendell Phillips died in Boston on the 2nd of See also:

FEBRUARY

February 1884. See Lorenzo Sears, Wendell Phillips, Orator and Agitator (New See also:

York, 1909) `(T. W.

End of Article: PHILLIPS, WENDELL (1811-1884)

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