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MOTLEY, JOHN LOTHROP (1814–1897)

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Originally appearing in Volume V18, Page 910 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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MOTLEY, See also:JOHN LOTHROP (1814–1897) , See also:American historian, son of See also:Thomas Motley, was See also:born on the 15th of See also:April 1814 at See also:Dorchester (now a See also:part of See also:Boston), See also:Massachusetts, and graduated at Harvard in 1831. He then studied at See also:Gottingen and See also:Berlin, becoming a friend of See also:Bismarck at Gottingen, and after a See also:period of See also:European- travel returned in 1834 to See also:America, where he continued his legal studies. In 1837 he married See also:Mary See also:Benjamin (d. 1874), a See also:sister of See also:Park Benjamin, and in 1839 he published anonymously a novel entitled See also:Morton's See also:Hope, or the See also:Memoirs of a Provincial. In 1841 he entered the See also:diplomatic service as secretary of See also:legation in See also:Russia, but resigned his See also:post within three months. Returning to America, he soon entered definitely upon a See also:literary career. Besides contributing various See also:historical and See also:critical essays to the See also:North American See also:Review, including a remarkable See also:essay on the Polity of the Puritans, he published in 1849, again anonymously, a second novel, entitled Merry See also:Mount, a See also:Romance of the Massachusetts See also:Colony. About 1846 the project of See also:writing a See also:history of See also:Holland had begun to take shape in his mind, and he had already done a large amount of See also:work on this subject when, finding the materials at his disposal in the See also:United States inadequate, he went to See also:Europe in 1851. The next five years were spent at See also:Dresden, See also:Brussels and the See also:Hague in investigation of the archives, which resulted in 1856 in the publication of The Rise of the Dutch See also:Republic, which became very popular. It speedily passed through many See also:editions, was translated into See also:French, and also into' Dutch, See also:German and See also:Russian. In 186o Motley published the first two volumes of its continuation, The United See also:Netherlands. This work was on a larger See also:scale, and embodied the results of a still greater amount of See also:original See also:research.

It was brought down to the truce of 1609 by two additional volumes, published in 1867. In 1861, just after the See also:

Civil See also:War had broken out in America, Motley wrote two letters to The Times defending the Federal position, and these letters, afterwards reprinted as a pamphlet entitled Causes of the Civil War in America, made a favourable impression on See also:President See also:Lincoln. Partly owing to this essay, Motley was appointed United States See also:minister to See also:Austria in x86f, a position which he filled with See also:great success until his resignation in 1867. Two years later he was sent to represent his See also:country in See also:London, but in See also:November 187o he was recalled by President See also:Grant. After a See also:short visit to Holland, he again took up his See also:residence in See also:England, where the See also:Life and See also:Death of John Barnevold appeared in two volumes in 1874. See also:Ill See also:health now began to interfere with his literary work, and he died at Frampton See also:Court, near Dorchester, See also:Dorset, on the 29th of May 1877, leaving three daughters. The merits of Motley as an historian are undeniably great. He has told the See also:story of a stirring period in the history of the See also:world with full See also:attention to the See also:character of the actors and strict fidelity to the vivid details of the See also:action. But it may safely be said that his See also:tale is best where most unvarnished, and probably no writer of the same See also:rank has owed less to the See also:mere sparkle of highly polished literary See also:style. An excellent edition of his historical See also:works was published in nine volumes in London in 1903-1904. See the See also:Correspondence of John Lothrop Motley, edited by G. W.

See also:

Curtis (New See also:York, 1889); O. W. See also:Holmes, John Lothrop Motley, a Memoir (Boston, 1878) ; M. D. See also:Conway, See also:Biographical Introduction to The Rise of the Dutch Republic (London, 1896) ; and John Lothrop Motley and his See also:Family: Further Letters and Records (1910), edited by his daughter, Mrs Susan St John Mildmay.

End of Article: MOTLEY, JOHN LOTHROP (1814–1897)

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