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See also:MICHIGAN, UNIVERSITY OF , one of the See also:principal educational institutions of the See also:United States, situated at See also:Ann Arbor, Michigan. It embraces a See also:department of literature, See also:science and the arts (including See also:industry and See also:commerce), opened in 1841, and including a See also:graduate school, organized in 1892; a department of See also:medicine and See also:surgery, opened in 185o; a department of See also:law, opened in 1859; a school of See also:pharmacy, opened as a See also:separate department in 1876; a 'homoeopathic medical See also:college, opened in 1875; a college of dental surgery, opened in 1875; and a department of See also:engineering, separately organized in 1895, which includes courses in marine engineering, See also:architecture, and architectural engineering. The university was one of the first to admit See also:women, having opened its doors to them in 1870 as a natural consequence of its receiving aid from the See also:state (since 1867), and since 1900 they have constituted nearly one-See also:half of the student See also:body in the department of literature, science and the arts. In 1907-1908 there were in all departments 350 instructors and 5013 students (1796 in the department of literature, science and the arts; 1354 in the department of engineering; 391 in the department of medicine and surgery; 791 in the department of law; Tor in the school of pharmacy; 82 in the homoeopathic medical college; 168 in the college of dental surgery; and 1070 in the summer sessions). Besides the several See also:main department buildings there is a library See also:building, a museum building, several laboratories, a gymnasium for men, and a gymnasium for women. The See also:general library in 1908 contained 172,940 volumes, 3800 See also:pamphlets, and 3370 maps, and the several department See also:libraries brought the See also:total up to 222,600 volumes and 5000 pamphlets. The general museum contains large zoological collections, See also:geological and anthropological collections, including the exhibit of the See also:Chinese See also:government at the New See also:- ORLEANS
- ORLEANS, CHARLES, DUKE OF (1391-1465)
- ORLEANS, DUKES OF
- ORLEANS, FERDINAND PHILIP LOUIS CHARLES HENRY, DUKE OF (1810-1842)
- ORLEANS, HENRI, PRINCE
- ORLEANS, HENRIETTA, DUCHESS
- ORLEANS, JEAN BAPTISTE GASTON, DUKE
- ORLEANS, LOUIS
- ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE JOSEPH
- ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ROBERT, DUKE
- ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE, DUKE OF (1725–1785)
- ORLEANS, LOUIS, DUKE OF (1372–1407)
- ORLEANS, PHILIP I
- ORLEANS, PHILIP II
Orleans Exposition, which was given by the government to the university in 1885; there are besides several See also:special collections in some of the laboratories. The astronomical See also:observatory is surmounted by a movable See also:dome in which is mounted a refracting See also:telescope having a thirteen-See also:inch See also:object See also:glass. The several laboratories are equipped for use in instruction in physics, See also:chemistry, See also:mineralogy, See also:geology, See also:zoology, See also:psychology, See also:botany, forestry, actuarial See also:work, engineering, See also:histology, See also:physiology, See also:hygiene, See also:electrotherapeutics, See also:pathology, See also:anatomy and See also:dentistry.
The university is governed from without by a See also:board of eight regents elected by popular See also:suffrage, two biennially, at the same See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time as the See also:election of See also:judges of the supreme See also:court; fromwithin .the government is to a large extent in the hands of a university See also:senate, in which the See also:faculty of each department is represented. The university is maintained by a permanent See also:annuity of $30,000, derived from the See also:land set apart for it by the See also:Ordinance of 1787, by the proceeds of a three-eighths See also:- MILL
- MILL (O. Eng. mylen, later myln, or miln, adapted from the late Lat. molina, cf. Fr. moulin, from Lat. mola, a mill, molere, to grind; from the same root, mol, is derived " meal;" the word appears in other Teutonic languages, cf. Du. molen, Ger. muhle)
- MILL, JAMES (1773-1836)
- MILL, JOHN (c. 1645–1707)
- MILL, JOHN STUART (1806-1873)
mill tax, and by small fees paid by the students. Its organic relation to the other public See also:schools of the state was well established in 1870, when it was provided that graduates from such high schools as had been examined and approved by a See also:committee of the university should be admitted without examination; one of the most important functions of the university is to prepare students for teaching in the high schools.
The first See also:charter for a university within what is now the state was granted by the See also:governor and judges of the Territory of Michigan in 1817, for a " Catholepistemiad," or University of Michigania, with a remarkable " See also:Greek " See also:system of nomenclature for its courses and faculties; this institution did practically no teaching. A second charter was granted in 1821, for a University of Michigan in See also:Detroit; but little was accomplished until the See also:admission of Michigan into the See also:Union as a state in 1837, when by the third charter the aim was to See also:model the institution after the See also:German university minus the theological department, and the university was entrusted to a board of regents and a See also:chancellor appointed by the governor. Branches to correspond to the German gymnasia were established in the principal towns before any See also:money was spent on the University proper, but the question of the constitutionality of ,their See also:establishment and See also:maintenance arose, and they were soon discontinued. Plans for building at Ann Arbor were begun in 1838. The first class graduated in 1845. The department of literature, science and the arts was at first much like a New See also:England college. For some time the prospects did not seem promising; but in 1851 a new state constitution provided that the regents should be elected, and directed them to choose a See also:president; and it was under the See also:administration (1852-1863) of the first See also:incumbent of that See also:- OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")
office, See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
Henry See also:- PHILIP
- PHILIP (Gr.'FiXtrsro , fond of horses, from dn)^eiv, to love, and limos, horse; Lat. Philip pus, whence e.g. M. H. Ger. Philippes, Dutch Filips, and, with dropping of the final s, It. Filippo, Fr. Philippe, Ger. Philipp, Sp. Felipe)
- PHILIP, JOHN (1775-1851)
- PHILIP, KING (c. 1639-1676)
- PHILIP, LANOGRAVE OF HESSE (1504-1567)
Philip Tappan (18o5-1881), that the See also:present broad and liberal basis was established. Although he was a Presbyterian clergyman, he. endeavoured at the outset to substitute the tests of scholarship for those of See also:religion; at the same time a scientific course was introduced, courses in pedagogy followed, and in 1878 the elective system, which has since rapidly See also:expanded, was established. President Tappan was succeeded in 1863 by See also:Erastus See also:Otis Haven (1820-1881), who resigned in 1869, and was succeeded temporarily (1869-1871) by See also:Professor Henry S. See also:Frieze (1817-1889), and in 1871 by See also:- JAMES
- JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
- JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
- JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
- JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
- JAMES, EPISTLE OF
- JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
- JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
- JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
- JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)
James Burrill See also:Angell (b. 1829),1 who resigned in 1909. In 1871-1872 the German seminar method was introduced in graduate work in See also:history, by Prof. See also:Charles See also:Kendall See also:- ADAMS
- ADAMS, ANDREW LEITH (1827-1882)
- ADAMS, CHARLES FRANCIS (1807-1886)
- ADAMS, HENRY (1838— )
- ADAMS, HENRY CARTER (1852— )
- ADAMS, HERBERT (i858— )
- ADAMS, HERBERT BAXTER (1850—1901)
- ADAMS, JOHN (1735–1826)
- ADAMS, JOHN QUINCY (1767-1848)
- ADAMS, SAMUEL (1722-1803)
- ADAMS, THOMAS (d. c. 1655)
- ADAMS, WILLIAM (d. 162o)
Adams (1835-1902), afterwards president of Cornell University (1885-1892) and of the University of See also:Wisconsin (1892-1902).
See B. A. Hinsdale and I. N. Demmon, History of the University of Michigan (Ann Arbor, 1906) ; See also:Elizabeth M. Farrand, History of the University of Michigan (Ann Arbor, 1885) ; and The See also:Quarter Centennial of the See also:Presidency of James Burrill Angell (Ann Arbor, 1896).
End of Article: MICHIGAN, UNIVERSITY OF
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