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See also:ERASTUS, See also:- THOMAS
- THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
- THOMAS (d. 110o)
- THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
- THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
- THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
- THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
- THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
- THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
- THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
- THOMAS, ST
- THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
- THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)
THOMAS (1524-1583) , See also:German-Swiss theologian, whose surname was Luber, See also:Lieber, or Liebler, was See also:born of poor parents on the 7th of See also:September 1524, probably at See also:Baden, See also:canton of See also:Aargau, See also:Switzerland. In 1540 he was studying See also:theology at See also:Basel. The See also:plague of 1544 drove him to See also:Bologna and thence to See also:Padua as student of See also:philosophy and See also:medicine. In 1553 he became physician to the See also:count of Henneberg, See also:Saxe-See also:Meiningen, and in 1558 held the same See also:post with the elector-See also:palatine, See also:Otto Heinrich, being at the same See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time See also:professor of medicine at See also:Heidelberg. His See also:patron's successor, See also:Frederick III., made him (1559) a privy councillor and member of the See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
church See also:consistory. In theology he followed See also:Zwingli, and at the sacramentarian conferences of Heidelberg (156o) and Maulbronn (1564) he advocated by See also:voice and See also:pen the Zwinglian See also:doctrine of the See also:Lord's Supper, replying (1565) to the See also:counter arguments of the Lutheran Johann Marbach, of See also:Strassburg. He ineffectually resisted the efforts of the Calvinists, led by Caspar Olevianus, to introduce the Presbyterian polity and discipline, which were established at Heidelberg in 1570, on the Genevan See also:model. One of the first acts of the new church See also:system was to excommunicate Erastus on a See also:charge of Socinianism, founded on his See also:correspondence with Transylvania. The See also:ban was not removed till 1575, Erastus declaring his See also:firm See also:adhesion to the doctrine of the Trinity. His position, however, was uncomfortable, and in 158o he returned to Basel, where in 1583 he was made professor of See also:ethics. He died on the 31st of See also:December 1583. He published several pieces bearing on medicine, See also:astrology and See also:alchemy, and attacking the system of See also:Paracelsus. His name is permanently associated with a See also:posthumous publication, written in 1568. Its immediate occasion was the disputation at Heidelberg (1568) for the doctorate of theology by See also:George See also:Wither or Withers, an See also:English Puritan (subsequently See also:archdeacon of See also:Colchester), silenced (1565) at See also:Bury St See also:Edmunds
by See also:Archbishop See also:Parker. Withers had proposed a disputation against See also:vestments, which the university would not allow; his thesis affirming the excommunicating See also:power of the See also:presbytery was sustained. Hence the See also:treatise of Erastus. It was published (1589) by Giacomo Castelvetri, who had married his widow, with the See also:title Explicatio gravissimae quaestionis utrum excommunicatio, quatenus religionem intelligentes et amplexantes, a sacramentorum usu, propter admissum facinus arcet, mandato nitatur divino, an excogitata sit ab hominibus. The See also:work bears the imprint Pesclavii (i.e. Poschiavo in the See also:Grisons) but was printed by See also:John See also:Wolfe in See also:London, where Castelvetri was staying; the name of the alleged printer is an See also:anagram of Jacobum Castelvetrum. In the Stationers' See also:Register (See also:June 20, 1589) the See also:printing is said to have been " alowed " by Archbishop See also:Whitgift. It consists of seventy-five Theses, followed by a Confirmatio in six books, and an appendix of letters to Erastus by See also:Bullinger and Gualther, showing that his Theses, written in 1568, had been circulated in See also:manuscript. An English See also:translation of the Theses, with brief See also:life of Erastus (based on Melchior See also:Adam's See also:account), was issued in 1659, entitled The Nullity of Church Censures; it was reprinted as A Treatise of See also:Excommunication (1682), and, as revised by See also:Robert See also:- LEE
- LEE (or LEGIT) ROWLAND (d. 1543)
- LEE, ANN (1736–1784)
- LEE, ARTHUR (1740–1792)
- LEE, FITZHUGH (1835–1905)
- LEE, GEORGE ALEXANDER (1802-1851)
- LEE, HENRY (1756-1818)
- LEE, JAMES PRINCE (1804-1869)
- LEE, NATHANIEL (c. 1653-16g2)
- LEE, RICHARD HENRY (1732-1794)
- LEE, ROBERT EDWARD (1807–1870)
- LEE, SIDNEY (1859– )
- LEE, SOPHIA (1950-1824)
- LEE, STEPHEN DILL (1833-1908)
Lee, D.D., in 1844. The aim of the work is to show, on Scriptural grounds, that sins of professing Christians are to be punished by See also:civil authority, and not by withholding of sacraments on the See also:part of the See also:clergy. In the See also:Westminster See also:Assembly a party holding this view included See also:Selden, See also:Lightfoot, Coleman and See also:Whitelocke, whose speech (1645) is appended to Lee's version of the Theses; but the opposite view, after much controversy, was carried, Lightfoot alone dissenting. The consequent See also:chapter of the Westminster See also:Confession (" Of Church Censures ") was, however, not ratified by the English See also:parliament. " Erastianism," as a by-word, is used to denote the doctrine of the supremacy of the See also:state in ecclesiastical causes; but the problem of the relations between church and state is one on which Erastus nowhere enters. What is known as " Erastianism " would be better connected with the name of See also:Grotius. The only See also:direct reply made to the Explicatio was the Tractatus de See also:vera excommunication (1590) by See also:Theodore See also:Beza, who found himself rather savagely attacked in the Confirmatio thesium; e.g." Apostolum et See also:Mosen adeoque Deum ipsum audes corrigere."
See A. Bonnard, Thomas Eraste et la discipline ecclesiastique (1894); Gass, in Allgemeine deutsche Biog. (1877); G. V. See also:Lechler and R. Stahelin, in A. Hauck's Realencyklop. See also:fur prot. Theol. u. Kirche (1898). (A.
End of Article: ERASTUS, THOMAS (1524-1583)
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