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POPAYAN

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Originally appearing in Volume V22, Page 81 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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POPAYAN , a See also:

city of See also:Colombia, See also:capital of the See also:department of See also:Cauca, about 240 M. S.W. of See also:Bogota, on the old See also:trade route between that city and See also:Quito, in 2° 26' N., 76° 49' W. Pop. (1870), 8485; (1906, estimate), so,000. Popayan is built on a See also:great See also:plain sloping N.W. from the See also:foot of the See also:volcano Purace, near the source of the Cauca and on one of its small tributaries, 5712 ft. above the See also:sea. Its situation is singularly picturesque, the Purace rising to an See also:elevation of 15,42o ft. about 20 M. See also:south-See also:east of the city, the Sotara volcano to approximately the same height about the same distance . south by east, and behind these at a greater distance the See also:Pan de Azucar, 15,978 ft. high. The See also:ridge forming the See also:water-parting between the basins of the Cauca and Patia See also:rivers crosses between the Central and Western Cordilleras at this point and culminates a few See also:miles to the south. Popayan is the seat of a bishopric dating from 1547, whose See also:cathedral was built by the See also:Jesuits; and in the days of its prosperity it possessed a university of considerable reputation. It has several old churches, a See also:college, two seminaries founded about 187o by the See also:French Lazarists, who have restored and occupy the old Jesuit See also:convent, and a See also:mint established in 1749. The city was at one See also:time an important commercial and See also:mining centre, but much of its importance was lost through the See also:transfer of trade to See also:Cali and See also:Pasto, through the decay of neighbouring mining See also:industries, and through See also:political disturbances. See also:Earth-quakes have also caused much damage to Popayan, especially those of 1827 and 1834. The See also:modern city has some small manufacturing industries, including woollen fabrics for clothing, but its trade is much restricted, and its importance is political rather than commercial.

Popayan was founded by See also:

Sebastian Benalcazar in 1538 on the site of an See also:Indian See also:settlement, whose See also:chief, Payan, had the unusual See also:honour of having his name given to the usurping See also:town. In 1558 it received a coat of arms and the See also:title of " Muy See also:noble y muy leal " from the See also:king of See also:Spain—a distinction of great Minority See also:Report. significance in that disturbed See also:period of colonial See also:history. It is noted also as the birthplace of Caldas, the Colombian naturalist, and of Mosquera, the geographer. There are hot sulphurous springs near by on the flanks of the volcano Purace, especially at Coconuco, which are much frequented by Colombians.

End of Article: POPAYAN

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