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RUBELLITE

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Originally appearing in Volume V23, Page 804 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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RUBELLITE , a red variety of See also:

tourmaline (q.v.) used as a See also:gem-See also:stone. It generally occurs crystallized on the walls of cavities in coarse granitic rocks, where it is often associated with a See also:pink lithia-See also:mica (See also:lepidolite). The most valued kinds are deep red; the See also:colour being probably due to the presence of See also:manganese. Some of the finest rubellite is found in See also:Siberia, whence it is sometimes called siberite, or passes under the misleading name of " Siberian See also:ruby." The See also:mills at See also:Ekaterinburg, where it is cut and polished, draw most of their supplies from the Ural Mountains—chiefly from Mursinka, Sarapulskaya and Shaitanka, near Ekaterinburg—but specimens are occasionally found at See also:Nerchinsk in See also:Transbaikalia. See also:Burma is famous for rubellite, but little was known as to the conditions of its occurrence there until after the See also:British See also:annexation, when the old workings were visited and described by C. See also:Barrington See also:Brown and by F. Noetling. The pits which yield rubellite are dug in alluvial deposits in the Mong-See also:long valley, some See also:miles to the S.E. of Mogok, the centre of the ruby See also:country. It was here that the See also:Chinese obtained the rubellite so much valued in See also:China for buttons of the caps of mandarins of certain See also:rank. In the British Museum there is a remarkable specimen of crystallized rubellite of large See also:size and See also:fine See also:form, but of poor colour, which was presented by the See also:king of See also:Ava to See also:Colonel See also:Michael Symes on the occasion of his See also:mission in 1795. Very fine rubellite is found in the See also:United States, notably at See also:Mount Mica, near See also:Paris, See also:Oxford Co., See also:Maine, where the crystals are often red at one end and See also:green at the other. Mount Rubellite, near See also:Hebron, and Mount See also:Apatite at See also:Auburn, are other localities in the same See also:state from which fine specimens are obtained.

See also:

Chesterfield and See also:Goshen, See also:Mass., also yield red tourmaline, frequently associated with green in the same crystal. Pink tourmaline also occurs, with lepidolite and See also:kunzite, in See also:San Diego Co., See also:California. In See also:Europe rubellite occurs sparingly at a few localities, as at San See also:Piero in See also:Elba and at Penig in See also:Saxony; but the See also:mineral is rarely if ever See also:fit for the See also:lapidary. (F. W.

End of Article: RUBELLITE

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RUBENS, PETER PAUL (1577-164o)