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SARZANA

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Originally appearing in Volume V24, Page 225 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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SARZANA , a See also:

town and episcopal see of See also:Liguria, See also:Italy, in. the See also:province of See also:Genoa, 9 m. E. of See also:Spezia, on the railway to See also:Pisa, at the point where the railway to See also:Parma diverges to the See also:north, 59 ft. above See also:sea-level. Pop. (Igor) 6531 (town); 11,850 (See also:commune). The handsome See also:cathedral of See also:white See also:marble in the See also:Gothic See also:style, dating from 1355, was completed in 1474. It contains two elaborately-sculptured altars of the latter See also:period. The former citadel (now See also:gaol), built by the Pisans, was demolished and re-erected by Lorenzo de' See also:Medici. The See also:castle of Sarzanello was built by Castruccio Castracani (d. 1328), whose See also:tomb by the See also:Pisan Giovanni di Balducci is in S. See also:Francesco. The Palazzo del Capitano, by Giuliano da Maiano (1472), has been entirely altered. Sarzana has one of the most important See also:glass-See also:bottle factories in Italy, also See also:brick-See also:works and a patent See also:fuel factory.

Sarzana was the birthplace of See also:

Pope See also:Nicholas V. Its position at the entrance to the valley of the Magra (anc. Macra), the boundary between See also:Etruria and Liguria in See also:Roman times, gave it military importance in the See also:middle ages. It arose as the successor of the See also:ancient See also:Luna, 3 M. S.E.; the first mention of it is found in 983, and in 1202 the episcopal see was transferred hither. A See also:branch of the Cadolingi di Borgonuovo See also:family, lords of Fucecchio in See also:Tuscany from the loth See also:century onwards, which had acquired the name of See also:Bonaparte, had settled near Sarzana before 1264; in 1512 a member of the family took up his See also:residence in See also:Ajaccio, and hence, according to some authorities, was descended the See also:emperor See also:Napoleon I. Sarzana, owing to its position on the frontier, changed masters more than once, belonging first to Pisa, then to See also:Florence, then to the Banco di S. Giorgio of Genoa and from 1572 to Genoa itself. In 1814 it was assigned to the See also:kingdom of See also:Sardinia, the frontier between Liguria and Tuscany being now made to run between it and See also:Carrara.

End of Article: SARZANA

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