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SARTI, GIUSEPPE (1729–1802)

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Originally appearing in Volume V24, Page 224 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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SARTI, GIUSEPPE (1729–1802) , See also:Italian composer, was See also:born at See also:Faenza on the 28th of See also:December 1729. He was educated by Padre See also:Martini, and appointed organist of the See also:cathedral of Faenza before the completion of his nineteenth See also:year. Resigning his See also:appointment in 1750, Sarti devoted himself to the study of dramatic See also:music, becoming director of the Faenza See also:theatre in 1752. In 1751 he produced his first See also:opera, Pompeo, with See also:great success. His next See also:works, Il Re Pastore, Medonte, Demofoonte and L'Olimpiade, assured him so brilliant a reputation that in 1753 See also:King See also:Frederick V. of See also:Denmark invited him to See also:Copenhagen, with the appointments of Hofkapellmeister and director of the opera. Here he produced his Ciro riconsosciuto. In 1765 he travelled to See also:Italy to engage some new singers; meanwhile the See also:death of King Frederick put an end for the See also:time to his engagement. In 1769 he went to See also:London, where he could only contrive to exist by giving music lessons. In 1770 he obtained a See also:post in See also:Venice as music See also:master at the Conservatorio dell' Ospedaletto. In 1779 he was elected See also:maestro di cappella at the cathedral of See also:Milan, where he remained until 1784. Here he exercised his true vocation—composing, in addition to at least twenty of his most successful operas, a vast quantity of sacred music for the cathedral, and educating a number of See also:clever pupils, the most distinguished of whom was See also:Cherubini. In 1784 Sarti was invited by the empress See also:Catherine II. to St See also:Petersburg.

On his way thither he stopped at See also:

Vienna, where the See also:emperor See also:Joseph II. received him with marked favour, and where he made the acquaintance of See also:Mozart. He reached St Petersburg in 1785, and at once took the direction of the opera, for which he composed many new pieces, besides some very striking sacred music, including a Te Deum for the victory of See also:Ochakov, in which he introduced the firing of real See also:cannon. He remained in See also:Russia until 18o1, when his See also:health was so broken that he solicited permission to return. The emperor See also:Alexander dismissed him in 1802 with a liberal See also:pension; letters of See also:nobility had been granted to him by the empress Catherine. His most successful operas in Russia were Armida and Olega, for the latter of which the empress herself wrote the libretto. Sarti died at See also:Berlin on the 28th of See also:July 1802. Sarti's opera I Due Litiganti has been immortalized by Mozart, who introduced an See also:air from it into the supper See also:scene in See also:Don Giovanni. It should be noted that Mozart's- Nozze di See also:Figaro owed a great See also:deal to the See also:influence of this opera, which was performed in Vienna in 1784. The admirable libretto by Da See also:Ponte, author of the libretti of Figaro and Don Giovanni, shows similar situations, and the complicated See also:finale of the first See also:act served as a See also:model to Mozart for the finale of the last act of Figaro.

End of Article: SARTI, GIUSEPPE (1729–1802)

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