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See also:PISA, See also:COUNCIL OF (1409) . The See also:great See also:schism of the See also:west had already lasted See also:thirty years, and the efforts which had been made to restore unity within the See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
Church by the simultaneous resignation of the two See also:rival pontiffs had been in vain, when in the See also:spring of 1408, the See also:state of affairs being desperate, the See also:idea arose of assembling a council to effect a See also:union without the co-operation of the popes. The initiative came from those cardinals who had one after the other seceded either from See also:- GREGORY
- GREGORY (Gregorius)
- GREGORY (Grigorii) GRIGORIEVICH ORLOV, COUNT (1734-1783)
- GREGORY, EDWARD JOHN (1850-19o9)
- GREGORY, OLINTHUS GILBERT (1774—1841)
- GREGORY, ST (c. 213-C. 270)
- GREGORY, ST, OF NAZIANZUS (329–389)
- GREGORY, ST, OF NYSSA (c.331—c. 396)
- GREGORY, ST, OF TOURS (538-594)
Gregory XII. or See also:Benedict XIII. They were forestalled by the popes, who eachlatter to See also:Perpignan, so the dissident cardinals sent out antedated letters inviting Christendom to assemble at Pisa on the 25th of See also:March 1409. Their See also:appeal met with a response in a great See also:part of See also:Italy, See also:France, See also:Navarre, See also:Portugal and See also:England, and in See also:Germany in the states subject to Wenceslas See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king of the See also:Romans, the See also:electors of See also:Cologne and See also:Mainz, the See also:margrave of See also:Brandenburg, &c. For a See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time the number of the fathers exceeded_ five See also:hundred.
The See also:day after the opening of the council, proceedings were started against the two popes, who, it was agreed, were to be eliminated. An See also:act of See also:accusation, containing in 37 articles the See also:chief complaints against them, was read out to the See also:people; not only their policy, but their orthodoxy was attacked, and there was even an insinuation of sorcery. The See also:reason is, that in See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order to depose them with some show of legality, it was necessary, as a preliminary, to convict them of See also:heresy, and it began to be seen that their tenacity of See also:power, and the ruses by which they evaded the See also:necessity of abdicating, however harmful might be their consequences, did not in themselves constitute a clearly-defined heresy. On the 5th of See also:June 1409 was read the definitive See also:sentence: that as heretics, and therefore separated from the Church, Pedro de See also:Luna (Benedict XIII.) and Angelo Corrario (Gregory XII.) were ipso facto deposed from any See also:- OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")
office; they must not be obeyed, nor assisted, nor harboured. In the course of the rejoicings which followed this sentence among the populace of Pisa, occurred the somewhat scandalous event of the burning of two images crowned with See also:parchment mitres, representing Gregory XII. and Benedict XIII. It was in vain that the ambassadors of Benedict XIII. presented themselves at Pisa. The See also:crowd greeted their arrival with mockery and derision, and being treated as the envoys of heretics they escaped without having obtained a See also:hearing.
In order to See also:complete their task the cardinals See also:present at Pisa, authorized by delegation of the council, shut themselves up in See also:conclave, and elected one of their number, See also:- PETER
- PETER (Lat. Petrus from Gr. irfpos, a rock, Ital. Pietro, Piero, Pier, Fr. Pierre, Span. Pedro, Ger. Peter, Russ. Petr)
- PETER (PEDRO)
- PETER, EPISTLES OF
- PETER, ST
Peter Philarges, See also:cardinal of See also:Milan, as the new See also:pope, who assumed the name of See also:Alexander V. They had hoped to See also:save the Church, but unfortunately the result of their efforts, generous as they were, was that the schism increased in bitterness, and that instead of the unity for which the Church craved, three popes continued to flourish. Both the deposed pontiffs protested against the legality of the council of Pisa; each had numerous partisans, and the thesis, constructed rather to meet the exigencies of the See also:case, which attributed to a See also:synod assembled by the cardinals the right of constituting itself See also:judge of a See also:sovereign pontiff, was far from being established.
Originally the council of Pisa was to have occupied itself not only with effecting the union, but also with the reform cf the Church. As a See also:matter of fact, it confined itself to expressing certain desiderata in a " libellus supplicatorius " which it submitted to the new pope. Alexander V. only partially acceded to these demands, many of which constituted serious encroachments on the See also:prerogative of the See also:Holy See; he then declared the See also:work of reform suspended, and dissolved the council (See also:August 7, 1409).
See Jacques See also:Lenfant, Histoire du concile de Pise (See also:Utrecht, 1731); Mansi, Coned., See also:xxvii.; F. Stuhr, See also:Die Organisation und. Geschaflsordnung See also:des Pisaner und Konstanzer Konzils (See also:Schwerin, 1891) ; N. See also:Valois, La France et le See also:grand schisme d'occident, iv. 3-107, 175 seq. (See also:Paris, 1902). (N.
End of Article: PISA, COUNCIL OF (1409)
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