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SODEN, HERMANN, FREIHERR VON (1852- )
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See also:SODEN, See also:HERMANN, FREIHERR VON (1852- ) , See also:German biblical See also:scholar, was See also:born in See also:Cincinnati on the 16th of See also:August 1852, and was educated at the university of See also:Tubingen. He was See also:minister of See also:Dresden-Striesen in 1881 and in 1887 became minister of the See also:Jerusalem See also: 1.904); See also:Die wichtigsten Fragen See also:im Leben Jesu (1904); Urchristliche Literaturgesch. (1904). His most important See also:book is Die Schriften See also:des neuen Testaments, in ihrer altesten erreichbaren Textgestalt hergestellt auf Grund ihrer Textgeschichte (Berlin, Bd. I., 1902-1910); certainly the most important See also:work on the See also:text of the New Testament which had been published since See also:Westcott and See also:Hort's New Testament in the See also:Original See also:Greek (see See also:BIBLE: New Testament). Von Soden introduces, besides a new notation of See also:MSS. (see Bible, N.T. MSS. and versions), a new theory of textual See also:history. He thinks that in the 4th See also:century there were in existence three recensions of the text, which he distinguishes as K, H and I, with the following characteristics and attestations. K corresponds roughly to Westcott and Hort's Syrian Antiochian text ; it was probably made by See also:Lucian in the 4th century. This was in the end the most popular See also:form of text, and is found in a more or less degenerate See also:state in all See also:late MSS. The purest representatives are 61(tl), 675 (V), 92, (461), 94, IO27 (S), 1126 (476 = scrivener's k) 6179 (661). Later recensions of K are called K" and K'', and there are also others of less importance which represent the See also:combination of K with other texts. H represents Westcott and Hort's Neutral and Alexandrian texts between which von Soden does not distinguish. It is found in eleven MSS. in varying degrees of purity: SI(B), S2 (10,33 (C), 36 (4'), S 48 (33), 626 (Z), 656 (L), 676 (0) 61026 (892), S 371 (1241) and a 376 (579). Between these MSS. there is no very intimate connexion except between S I and S 2 (B and .c) which represent a See also:common original (51-2). 51-2 is the best representative of H, but it has been contaminated by the See also:Egyptian versions, and sometimes by the K and I texts and by See also:Origen, though not to any See also:great extent. The other H MSS. are none of them equal in value to the two great See also:uncials. They have all been influenced by K, I, and by the text of,parallel passages, to a greater extent than 61-2, or than either of the two witnesses to 6'-2, but some of them have less Egyptian corruption. The origin of the H text must be regarded as unquestionably Egyptian, in view of the fact that it was used by all the Egyptian Church writers after the end of the 3rd century, and von Soden adopts the well-known See also:hypothesis, first made popular by Bousset, that it represents the recension of See also:Hesychius. I does not quite correspond to anything in Westcott and Hort's See also:system, but has points of contact with their " Western " text. It is found in a See also:series of subgroups of MSS. known as H', J, Ia, and others of less importance (about eleven subgroups are suggested). Of these H' is a See also:family containing See also:Cod. I and its See also:allies (S 254, 6346, S 457, S 467, &c.), 6288 (22) and some allied MSS. 6203 (872), 6183 and 6 1131; J is the well-known See also:Ferrar See also:group; and Ia contains S 5 (D), 693 (565).6 133 (700), 6168 (28), 050 and some others. It is necessary to See also:note that von Soden is able to See also:place D in this group because he regards it as owing many of its most remarkable readings to contamination with the Latin version. I is, according to von Soden, a Palestinian recension connected with See also:Eusebius, See also:Pamphilus and Origen. After establishing the text of I, H and K; von Soden reconstructs an hypothetical text, I-H-K, which he believes to have been their ancestor. He then tries to show that this text was known to all the writers of the 3rd and 2nd centuries, but has naturally to See also:account for the fact that the quotations of these writers and the text of the See also:early versions often diverge from it. The explanation that he offers is that the Diatessaron of See also:Tatian was widely used and corrupted all extant texts, so that the Old See also:Syriac, the Old Latin, the quotations of See also:Irenaeus, See also:Clement, See also:Tertullian and others may be regarded as various combinations of the Tatianic text and I-H-K. Finally, he tries to show that the Tatianic text is itself in the See also:main merely a corrupt form of I-H-K altered in See also:order to suit the necessities of Tatian's See also:plan. For See also:criticism of this important theory up to 1909 see Nestle's Einfuhrung in das griechische neue Testament, pp. 274-278 (3rd ed., Gratingen, 1909), and K. See also:Lake's Professor H. von Soden's Treatment of the Text of the Gospels, See also:Edinburgh, 1908). (K. Additional information and CommentsThere are no comments yet for this article.
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